Question 1

Sailors in the 16th- 18th century dreaded "rounding the horn" of South America because of strong winds and heavy seas. Cape Horn is about latitude 55°S at the tip of South America. These sailors were using a passage from the Atlantic to Pacific Ocean that was actually a stormy ocean now often called______ .

Accepted Answer

A)   the Antarctic Ocean
B)   the Indian Ocean
C)   the Southern Ocean
D)   the Australian OceanE) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 2

Deep sea trenches are important features for plate tectonic studies because______ .

Accepted Answer

A)   they are sites where the oceanic lithosphere is consumed into the mantle
B)   they are sites where oceanic lithosphere is formed
C)   they are sites where two plate move past each other horizontally
D)   none of the aboveE) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

The gently sloping submerged surface extending from the shoreline toward the deep ocean is termed the______ .

Accepted Answer

A)   continental slope
B)   submarine canyon
C)   continental shelf
D)   continental riseE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 4

_______ does not accumulate below 4500 meters depth because it is highly soluble in seawater below that depth.

Accepted Answer

A)   Calcium carbonate
B)   Sulfur oxide
C)   Iron oxide
D)   ManganeseE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

Ocean ridges form because ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   they are chains of volcanoes, like the Hawaiian Islands, that form along hot spots
B)   they are a broad seafloor highland formed by sea floor spreading
C)   they are submarine collisional mountain belts, forming submarine mountains that haven't yet risen from the sea floor
D)   rocks bulge up in ridges along transform faults associated with the ridgeE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 6

Examine Figure 13.B from Earth Science, 14e below. Briefly explain the main points of Charles Darwin's hypothesis on coral atoll formation. Have we tested his hypothesis and is it still thought to be correct today? Can you think of another possible explanation that would explain the origin of such coral atolls?

Accepted Answer

Corals colonize and ring a volcanic isla...

Question 7

The lowest point on earth is in the_______ Ocean.

Accepted Answer

A)   Pacific
B)   Atlantic
C)   Southern
D)   IndianE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 8

Most of the world's landmass is in the_______ hemisphere.

Accepted Answer

A)   Northern
B)   Southern
C)   Central
D)   EasternE) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 9

The most important economic resource in the ocean today is_______  .

Accepted Answer

A)   heavy minerals
B)   manganese
C)   oil and gas
D)   gravel and siltE) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 10

A geologist is studying sediments on land that were originally deep sea sediments. She finds the minerals zircon and garnet in the sediments, which could only come from a continental region. These sediments must be ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   terrigenous sediment
B)   biogenous sediment
C)   hydrogenous sediment
D)   both terrigenous and biogenous sedimentE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 11

Subduction of oceanic lithosphere at the trenches sometimes comes pieces of both the continental and oceanic lithosphere to break off and pile up to produce______ .

Accepted Answer

A)   a strike slip fault like the San Andreas
B)   a subduction slope
C)   subduction erosion
D)   an accretionary wedgeE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 12

Sand, silt, and clays deposited on the ocean floor are described as _______ sediments.

Accepted Answer

A)   terrigenous
B)   hydrogenous
C)   biogenous
D)   phytogenuousE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 13

Why are there virtually no sediments at ocean ridges, even when they are close to land?

Accepted Answer

A)   The sediments get deflected from the topographic high of the ridge.
B)   The sediments get buried by volcanic rocks, so are not visible.
C)   The crust is too young; there hasn't been enough time for sediments to accumulate.
D)   No one knows, it is one of the mysteries of geology.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

The most extensive mountain range on Earth extends for about 65,000 kilometers on the ocean floor and is known as the_______  .

Accepted Answer

A)   mid- ocean ridge
B)   island arc
C)   continental rise
D)   trenchE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 15

The Ocean is largest.

Accepted Answer

A)   Indian
B)   Arctic
C)   Pacific
D)   AtlanticE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 16

The most important economic mineral resource extracted from the seafloor today is_______  .

Accepted Answer

A)   oil and gas
B)   sulfides
C)   fossil fuels
D)   heavy mineralsE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 17

Give the correct type of ocean floor sediment for each phrase.
-Manganese nodule

Accepted Answer

A)   biogenous
B)   hydrogenous
C)   terrigenous
D)   phytogenuousE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 18

When organisms living in seawater grow shells, the ratio between the isotopes of oxygen 18O/16O. trapped in their shell is dependent on the sea temperature. Why might geologists collect these sea shells from deep- sea sediments that are Pleistocene in age and measure their oxygen isotope ratios?

Accepted Answer

A)   They might want to know how cold the water was at the seafloor in the past.
B)   The organisms live near the surface, so their oxygen isotope ratios record surface temperature during Earth's great climate fluctuations of the ice age.
C)   The organisms live in the photic zone, and so photosynthesis must be the main factor in the oxygen content.
D)   They want to know how metabolism of the organism affects the oxygen isotope ratios.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 19

Abyssal plains are very flat because ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   they are not really flat; it is just that there is no data so they are shown as flat
B)   basalt volcanoes on the seafloor produce little terrain
C)   sediments accumulate to cover the seafloor topography
D)   they have flat faults, the form flat, planar topographyE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

_______ sediment consists of shells and hard parts of marine organisms.

Accepted Answer

A)   Hydrogenous
B)   Biogenous
C)   Phytogenuous
D)   TerrigenousE) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Exam 13: The Ocean Floor

The most important economic mineral resource extracted from the seafloor today is_______ .

Correct Answer
verified

The gently sloping submerged surface extending from the shoreline toward the deep ocean is termed the______ .

Correct Answer
verified

Why are there virtually no sediments at ocean ridges, even when they are close to land?

Correct Answer
verified

_______ sediment consists of shells and hard parts of marine organisms.

Correct Answer
verified

A geologist is studying sediments on land that were originally deep sea sediments. She finds the minerals zircon and garnet in the sediments, which could only come from a continental region. These sediments must be ______.

Correct Answer
verified

The Ocean is largest.

Correct Answer
verified

Most of the world's landmass is in the_______ hemisphere.

Correct Answer
verified

Give the correct type of ocean floor sediment for each phrase. -Manganese nodule

Correct Answer
verified

Abyssal plains are very flat because ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Corals colonize and ring a volcanic isla...
View Answer

Subduction of oceanic lithosphere at the trenches sometimes comes pieces of both the continental and oceanic lithosphere to break off and pile up to produce______ .

Correct Answer
verified

The most extensive mountain range on Earth extends for about 65,000 kilometers on the ocean floor and is known as the_______ .

Correct Answer
verified

The lowest point on earth is in the_______ Ocean.

Correct Answer
verified

Sand, silt, and clays deposited on the ocean floor are described as _______ sediments.

Correct Answer
verified

Deep sea trenches are important features for plate tectonic studies because______ .

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

_______ does not accumulate below 4500 meters depth because it is highly soluble in seawater below that depth.

Correct Answer
verified

The most important economic resource in the ocean today is_______ .

Correct Answer
verified

Ocean ridges form because ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 13: The Ocean Floor

The most important economic mineral resource extracted from the seafloor today is_______ .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The gently sloping submerged surface extending from the shoreline toward the deep ocean is termed the______ .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why are there virtually no sediments at ocean ridges, even when they are close to land?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_______ sediment consists of shells and hard parts of marine organisms.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A geologist is studying sediments on land that were originally deep sea sediments. She finds the minerals zircon and garnet in the sediments, which could only come from a continental region. These sediments must be ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Ocean is largest.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most of the world's landmass is in the_______ hemisphere.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Give the correct type of ocean floor sediment for each phrase. -Manganese nodule

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Abyssal plains are very flat because ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedCorals colonize and ring a volcanic isla...View AnswerShow Answer

Subduction of oceanic lithosphere at the trenches sometimes comes pieces of both the continental and oceanic lithosphere to break off and pile up to produce______ .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most extensive mountain range on Earth extends for about 65,000 kilometers on the ocean floor and is known as the_______ .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The lowest point on earth is in the_______ Ocean.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sand, silt, and clays deposited on the ocean floor are described as _______ sediments.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Deep sea trenches are important features for plate tectonic studies because______ .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When organisms living in seawater grow shells, the ratio between the isotopes of oxygen 18O/16O. trapped in their shell is dependent on the sea temperature. Why might geologists collect these sea shells from deep- sea sediments that are Pleistocene in age and measure their oxygen isotope ratios?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_______ does not accumulate below 4500 meters depth because it is highly soluble in seawater below that depth.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most important economic resource in the ocean today is_______ .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ocean ridges form because ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Corals colonize and ring a volcanic isla...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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