A) No, it was not a "modern" war because the technology of photography had not yet emerged to document the fighting and destruction.
B) No, it was not a "modern" war because the effectiveness of muskets, rifles, and cannons had not improved much in decades and encouraged bloody, close combat.
C) No, it was not a "modern" war because it never reached the scale of intercontinental alliances, and multinational armies never materialized.
D) Yes, it was a "modern" war because advancements in technology enabled it to result in very few casualties relative to other wars in American history.
E) Yes, in many was it was a "modern" war because it was fought across the continent, with armies using railroads and steamships for the first time.
G) B) and D)
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A) Northerners were angry regarding the first conscription laws instated by the Union during the war, arguing that the South had no such policies.
B) Following the Emancipation Proclamation, northern laborers were worried that freed slaves would eventually move north, resulting in job competition.
C) The freeing of formerly enslaved African Americans gave white northerners the confidence to seek greater protections for African Americans and protest their inclusion in the draft.
D) Northerners were outraged that the desperate state of the Union army had resulted in women being included in the draft.
E) Since the Confederacy had gained control of New York City, northerners were protesting having come under southern rule and being forced to participate in the Confederate draft.
G) A) and E)
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A) It convinced Lincoln to avoid talking about the possibility of ending slavery and instead portray the war as an effort to save the Union.
B) It greatly delayed anything resembling the Emancipation Proclamation, for free black soldiers had cost the Union the battle.
C) It was the least bloody of the Civil War battles, suggesting that the war had lost the support of many soldiers.
D) It was a turning point in that it revived northern morale and ended the Confederacy's hopes of gaining foreign alliances with Britain and France.
E) It led Lee to successfully capture Maryland and make it a key part of the Confederacy, as it was so much closer to the heart of the North.
G) B) and C)
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B) False
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A) horse falls
B) disease
C) rifle bullets
D) landmines
E) artillery
G) A) and C)
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A) was imported from England.
B) remained plentiful.
C) could not be purchased with paper money.
D) was outrageously expensive.
E) was limited to vegetables.
G) C) and D)
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A) Second Bull Run, Chancellorsville, and Gettysburg
B) Vicksburg, Gettysburg, and Chattanooga
C) Antietam, Fredericksburg, and Chancellorsville
D) Fort Sumter, First Bull Run, and New Orleans
E) Fort Donelson, Shiloh, and Perryville
G) A) and C)
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A) It was the name of the South's strategy to choke northern industry by expanding its own industry to unprecedented levels.
B) It was a strategy of passive resistance among slaves to strangle the southern plantation economy from within.
C) It was the name of Britain's strategy to get the two sides to slither to the negotiating table and achieve a lasting peace.
D) It was the initial three-pronged Union strategy that included, among other things, a blockade of the southern coast to strangle the South.
E) It proposed to use biological warfare against the South developed from the poisonous venom of snakes.
G) A) and D)
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B) False
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A) was an African American abolitionist leader who celebrated the Emancipation Proclamation, in contrast to Confederates' predictions of a race war
B) was a Confederate general who surprised the Union army at Chancellorsville but was shot there by his own men
C) founded the American Red Cross and visited the killing fields with medical supplies, ready to go "anywhere between the bullet and the battlefield"
D) was one of the leaders of the Radical Republicans who urged "reconstruction" of the South by having Union armies seize southern plantations
E) accepted the post of Union general despite his better judgment and went on to be replaced by Thomas Hooker
F) was born into slavery but went on to serve as a nurse and operate a school for freed slaves
G) was a general demoted due to insubordination and went on to be the 1864 Democratic candidate against Abraham Lincoln
H) was a War Democrat who supported Lincoln's war policies and went on to become his vice president
I) was a pro-Confederate leader who ordered his followers to destroy Lawrence, Kansas, and engage in a massacre there
J) was the president of the Confederacy and experienced growing discontent directed at him as the war dragged on
L) A) and I)
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A) Most Confederates became more and more steadfast in their loyalties as the war went on, no matter how the army fared.
B) Many Confederates were driven by the belief that if they lost the war, southern whites would face their own enslavement.
C) Unlike northerners, Confederates tended not to need to worry about family divisions during the war, as all Confederates shared the same cause.
D) Unlike northerners, few Confederate soldiers deserted the army during the war because they were paid far better.
E) Like northerners, few Confederate soldiers engaged in any kind of training and relied on what they had read in books.
G) None of the above
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B) False
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A) ordering public executions.
B) postponing elections.
C) shutting down the press.
D) suspending habeas corpus.
E) declaring a temporary dictatorship.
G) B) and E)
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B) False
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A) foreign loans in preparation for the need to rebuild the South after the war.
B) the printing of gold money to fund free education for African Americans.
C) gifts of free land in exchange for something, such as work or the creation of public universities.
D) a decreased income tax rate to offset the growing economy of the South.
E) a decreased tariff rate in response to stronger Confederate-European alliances.
G) A) and D)
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A) Confederate goods that smugglers snuck through the Union blockade in an elaborate attempt to profit off the war and bring money back into the South
B) groups of immigrants who had initially ventured west but returned to the South in large numbers because of the promise of being paid to join the army
C) thousands of slaves who showed up in Union army camps and sought protection and freedom as the war expanded, thereby helping push the issue of emancipation
D) Native American soldiers who fought for the Union in return for large swaths of land and who often served as spies in the South
E) military weapons imported to the South from Europe before Britain and France went on to officially form an alliance with the Confederacy
G) A) and B)
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A) exercising great caution and only launching offensives when absolutely necessary
B) fighting very short and spread-out battles so as to maintain an element of surprise
C) acquiring superior weapons to counterbalance the South's superior numbers
D) engaging strictly in guerrilla warfare and focusing attention on the West
E) waging a relentless war of attrition such as by confiscating or destroying civilian property
G) C) and D)
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A) Bragg's tactic of pushing Union forces westward toward the Mississippi River, where Confederates would be better equipped to defeat them once and for all
B) Scott's three-pronged strategy to impose a blockade on southern ports and slowly crush Confederate resistance on all fronts
C) Douglass's movement to build confidence in African American soldiers and help motivate them to fight for the promises of a Union victory
D) Lee's efforts to influence elections in the North by achieving a successful northern invasion that would inspire Europeans to send his troops supplies
E) McClellan's unsuccessful plan to re-initiate substantial fighting in the East by moving the Union army toward the mouth of the James River in Virginia
G) A) and B)
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