Question 1

How are disaccharides separated into two monosaccharides?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is not possible to separate disaccharides into monosaccharides.
B)   by esterification
C)   by hydration
D)   by hydrolysis
E)   by amidationF) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 2

What is the relationship between the two molecules shown?

Accepted Answer

A)   identical molecules
B)   isomers
C)   enantiomers
D)   conformations
E)   diastereomersF) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 3

Which one of these molecules is a naturally occurring sugar?

Accepted Answer

A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   
E)   F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 4

Which of the following molecules is NOT a polysaccharide?

Accepted Answer

A)   amylose
B)   amylopectin
C)   cellulose
D)   glycogen
E)   glucoseF) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 5

Which statement BEST describes how a cell distinguishes between a host cell and foreign cell?

Accepted Answer

A)   Antibodies detect foreign cells.
B)   This is what T-cells do.
C)   Oligosaccharide cell markers on the surface of the cell do this.
D)   A cell sends out special proteins to do this.
E)   The proteins within the cell membrane do this.F) None of the above
G) All of the above

Question 6

What is the relationship between the two molecules shown?

Accepted Answer

A)   identical molecules
B)   isomers
C)   enantiomers
D)   conformations
E)   diastereomersF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 7

Which of the following blood types can be donated to someone with type A blood?

Accepted Answer

A)   type A only
B)   type A or type O
C)   type A or type AB
D)   any of the blood types except A
E)   Type A can receive blood from any of the blood types.F) All of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 8

The most common polysaccharides found in plants and animals are polymers of

Accepted Answer

A)   galactose.
B)   glucose.
C)   fructose.
D)   glucose and fructose.
E)   glucose, fructose, and galactose.F) C) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 9

Only one of the following molecules is a naturally occurring sugar.Which statement is a reason that only one of the sugars is naturally occurring?

Accepted Answer

A)   Naturally occurring sugars do not have multiple hydroxyl groups on a single carbon.
B)   D-sugars are much more common than L-sugars.
C)   Naturally occurring sugars are polyhydroxylated.
D)   Naturally occurring sugars contain a carbonyl.
E)   All of the above are true statements.F) B) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 10

Select the species present in higher concentration at equilibrium in aqueous solution.

Accepted Answer

A)   I
B)   II
C)   III
D)   II and III
E)   There are equal concentrations of these three species in solution.F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a function of carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

A)   Carbohydrates are used for long-term energy storage.
B)   Carbohydrates are fuels for cells.
C)   Carbohydrates are part of DNA and RNA.
D)   Carbohydrates are used in cellular recognition.
E)   Carbohydrates make some foods taste sweet.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 12

Which of the following classes of biomolecules causes dental caries?

Accepted Answer

A)   carbohydrates
B)   proteins
C)   fats
D)   nucleic acids
E)   All foods cause dental caries.F) All of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 13

D-glucose is shown below.Which of the choices below is L-glucose?

Accepted Answer

A)   sugar a
B)   sugar b
C)   sugar c
D)   sugar d
E)   sugar eF) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 14

A racemic mixture is

Accepted Answer

A)   a 50:50 mixture of enantiomers.
B)   optically active.
C)   a pure sample of a single enantiomer.
D)   dextrorotatory.
E)   indicated by the IUPAC prefix R.F) All of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 15

Which disaccharide is found in milk?

Accepted Answer

A)   lactose
B)   sucrose
C)   cellobiose
D)   maltose
E)   both cellobiose and maltoseF) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 16

Cellulose and starch are similar in that they are both polymers of glucose.Cellulose, however, forms sheet-like structures, which give rigidity to a plant, whereas starch forms spirals.What accounts for this difference in macroscopic structure?

Accepted Answer

A)   Cellulose is composed of D-glucose, whereas starch is composed of L-glucose.
B)   Cellulose and starch are connected together on different carbons.
C)   Cellulose is composed of L-glucose, whereas starch is composed of D-glucose.
D)   Cellulose has a β-(1→4) linkage, whereas starch has an α-(1→4) linkage.
E)   Starch has a β-(1→4) linkage, whereas cellulose has an α-(1→4) linkage.F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 17

Which glycosidic linkage does the sugar shown below contain?

Accepted Answer

A)   β-(2→4) 
B)   α-(1→4) 
C)   β-(1→4) 
D)   α-(2→4) 
E)   α-(2→6) F) None of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 18

In which of the following Haworth projections is the arrow pointing to the anomeric carbon?

Accepted Answer

A)   structure a
B)   structure b
C)   structure c
D)   structure d
E)   structure eF) C) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 19

Which arrow is pointing to a glycosidic bond?

Accepted Answer

A)   a only
B)   b only
C)   c only
D)   b and c
E)   b, c, and dF) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 20

The result of a patient's fasting plasma glucose test is 60 mg glucose per deciliter.This patient is

Accepted Answer

A)   normal.
B)   hypoglycemic.
C)   hyperglycemic.
D)   diabetic.
E)   both hyperglycemic and diabetic.F) None of the above
G) A) and D)

Exam 14: Carbohydrates: Structure and Function

In which of the following Haworth projections is the arrow pointing to the anomeric carbon?

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Cellulose and starch are similar in that they are both polymers of glucose.Cellulose, however, forms sheet-like structures, which give rigidity to a plant, whereas starch forms spirals.What accounts for this difference in macroscopic structure?

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A racemic mixture is

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D-glucose is shown below.Which of the choices below is L-glucose?

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Which of the following blood types can be donated to someone with type A blood?

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Which glycosidic linkage does the sugar shown below contain?

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Select the species present in higher concentration at equilibrium in aqueous solution.

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The result of a patient's fasting plasma glucose test is 60 mg glucose per deciliter.This patient is

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What is the relationship between the two molecules shown?

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Which statement BEST describes how a cell distinguishes between a host cell and foreign cell?

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What is the relationship between the two molecules shown?

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Which of the following is NOT a function of carbohydrates?

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Which disaccharide is found in milk?

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Which of the following molecules is NOT a polysaccharide?

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Which arrow is pointing to a glycosidic bond?

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Which of the following classes of biomolecules causes dental caries?

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The most common polysaccharides found in plants and animals are polymers of

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Which one of these molecules is a naturally occurring sugar?

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Only one of the following molecules is a naturally occurring sugar.Which statement is a reason that only one of the sugars is naturally occurring?

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How are disaccharides separated into two monosaccharides?

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