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The last ________ were withdrawn from the South by President Hayes.

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Northern commitment to Reconstruction waned as a result of


A) the adoption of the Fifteenth Amendment.
B) the growing political strength of Democrats.
C) the Panic of 1873.
D) perceptions of black-and-carpetbag misgovernment in the South.
E) All these answers are correct.

F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

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Advocates of the "New South"


A) opposed using northern capital.
B) discouraged white women from working outside of the home.
C) promoted southern industry and railroad development.
D) challenged the assumptions of white supremacy.
E) in fact advocated a return to the plantation system of the antebellum South.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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Enemies of President Grant and "Grantism" were called ________ Republicans.

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Liberal

President Johnson's plans for Reconstruction for the most part resembled the Wade-Davis Bill.

A) True
B) False

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The "redeemed" governments of the South


A) were so named when Democrats took back control of the government.
B) suppressed the activities of white supremacists.
C) saw the Republican Party win control of Southern state governments.
D) saw an end to occupation by federal troops, and suppressed the activities of white supremacists.
E) All these answers are correct.

F) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

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The most numerous Republicans in the South were the ________.

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Jim Crow laws


A) imposed a system of state-supported segregation.
B) attacked the problem of lynching.
C) led immediately to a dramatic black exodus from the South.
D) challenged white Redeemer rule in the South.
E) did not apply to public parks, beaches, or picnic areas.

F) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

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A

The "New South creed" was expounded by whites, not blacks.

A) True
B) False

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The Treaty of Washington provided for ________ with Britain over "Alabama claims."

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international arbitration

"Scalawags" were Southerners who moved north after the Civil War.

A) True
B) False

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In 1867, congressional plans for Reconstruction


A) were rejected by every former Confederate state.
B) replaced federal military commanders in the South with civilian leaders.
C) granted forty acres of land to every adult male former slave.
D) required new state governments in the South to give voting rights to black males.
E) required that state legislatures ratify the Thirteenth Amendment.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Booker T. Washington argued that blacks should concentrate on self-improvement before political rights.

A) True
B) False

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In the 1860s, Black Codes were


A) holdovers from the antebellum era that were repealed by Southern state governments.
B) passed by Congress to govern former Confederate states.
C) enacted by the Freedmen's Bureau to give freed blacks voting rights.
D) vetoed by President Andrew Johnson.
E) designed to give whites control over freedmen.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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Among other ideas, Booker T. Washington


A) rejected the ideology of the "New South creed."
B) favored industrial over classical education.
C) called on the federal government to offer job training for blacks.
D) proposed an exodus of blacks from the South to the West.
E) argued that blacks spent too much time trying to impress the white middle class.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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During the Johnson administration, the United States acquired


A) Alaska.
B) Hawaii.
C) Guam.
D) the Virgin Islands.
E) Puerto Rico.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

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Grant played a leadership role among the "Liberal Republicans."

A) True
B) False

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The most numerous Republicans in the South were the black freedmen.

A) True
B) False

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The Alabama claims


A) saw the United States refuse to pay Alabama for losses incurred during the Civil War.
B) involved complaints by the United States against England.
C) ended an experiment in black landownership.
D) marked a renewed effort in asserting the rights of states over federal authority.
E) were found by the Supreme Court to invalidate Radical Reconstruction.

F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

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Describe and compare the status of Southern African Americans in 1861 with their status in 1876.

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In 1861, Southern African Americans were...

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