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Cameron loves to own and be up-to-date on the latest technological gadgets available in the market. Among his friends, he is always the first to own the latest electronic gadgets. He loves trying out new products before others. Cameron most likely belongs to the ________ adopter group.


A) innovator
B) surrogate consumer
C) late mainstream
D) early mainstream
E) lagging

F) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

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People cannot focus on all of the stimuli that surround them each day. A person's tendency to screen out most of the information is called ________.


A) subliminal retention
B) selective distortion
C) cognitive dissonance
D) selective attention
E) cognitive inertia

F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

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James has decided to buy a new vehicle. His brother John has recently purchased a new truck and recommends the same model to James. James finally decides to buy the same truck. Which of the following sources of information has most likely influenced James' purchase decision?


A) experiential sources
B) public sources
C) personal sources
D) commercial sources
E) market mavens

F) All of the above
G) None of the above

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________ are ambassadors who enthusiastically share their passion for a company's products with large circles of friends and acquaintances.


A) Leading adopters
B) Brand evangelists
C) Surrogate consumers
D) Market mavens
E) Innovators

F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

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B

Which of the following is NOT part of Maslow's hierarchy of needs?


A) physiological needs
B) safety needs
C) spiritual needs
D) esteem needs
E) social needs

F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

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Explain why selective attention is not controllable by a marketer.

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A marketer cannot guarantee that a consu...

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Personality is a person's pattern of living as expressed in his or her psychographics.

A) True
B) False

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Consumer purchases are influenced strongly by characteristics that marketers cannot control but must take into account, including cultural, social, psychological, and ________ characteristics.


A) economic
B) professional
C) medical
D) personal
E) genetic

F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

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Commercial sources of information typically legitimize and evaluate products for buyers.

A) True
B) False

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A current trend in the United States involves rediscovering the benefits of home-cooked food and the use of organic ingredients. People are choosing to spend hours in the kitchen using only the freshest ingredients to cook healthy and nutritious meals. This change in ________ is one of the reasons for the increasing demand for organic ingredients.


A) self-concept
B) subculture
C) lifestyle
D) personality
E) life-cycle

F) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

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C

Relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, divisibility, and communicability are all characteristics of ________.


A) alternative evaluations
B) the degree of buyer involvement
C) a product's rate of adoption
D) unexpected situational factors
E) postpurchase behaviors

F) D) and E)
G) B) and C)

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Viviana wants to be the first to own the new fashion style of shoes. Viviana is an early mainstream adopter.

A) True
B) False

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Listing them in the proper order, what are the stages in the buyer decision process? Describe each.

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In the need recognition stage, consumers...

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Which of the following statements is true regarding social classes in the United States?


A) Social class is determined by income alone.
B) Lines between social classes in the United States are fixed and rigid.
C) Social classes show distinct product preferences in clothing and automobiles.
D) Wealth is more critical than education level in measuring social class.
E) People are relegated to a permanent social class in the United States.

F) None of the above
G) D) and E)

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Explain how selective distortion is somewhat controllable by a marketer.

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Selective distortion describes the tende...

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Which of the following best describes divisibility of an innovation that influences the rate of adoption?


A) It is the degree to which the innovation is difficult to understand.
B) It is the degree to which the results of using the innovation can be observed or described to others.
C) It is the degree to which the innovation appears superior to existing products.
D) It is the degree to which the innovation may be tried on a limited basis.
E) It is the degree to which the innovation fits the values and experiences of potential consumers.

F) All of the above
G) C) and E)

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A brand personality is the specific mix of human traits that may be attributed to a particular brand.

A) True
B) False

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People tend to interpret new information in a way that will support what they already believe. This is called ________.


A) selective retention
B) selective distortion
C) cognitive dissonance
D) selective attention
E) cognitive bias

F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Companies can research many aspects of buying decisions. However, the one that is the most difficult to identify is ________.


A) what consumers buy
B) how and how much they buy
C) why they buy
D) when they buy
E) where they buy

F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Correct Answer

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________ are groups to which an individual wishes to belong, as when a young basketball player hopes to play someday in the NBA or WNBA.


A) Membership groups
B) Aspirational groups
C) Leading adopters
D) Subcultures
E) Reference groups

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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B

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