Question 1

The diversity of the hominins included increasingly specialized

Accepted Answer

A)   locomotion.
B)   social patterns.
C)   body sizes.
D)   diets.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 2

In an ape, the gap located between the canine and the third premolar on the lower jaw and the canine and the second incisor on the upper jaw is a

Accepted Answer

A)   dental gap.
B)   gingival space.
C)   mesial bridge.
D)   diastema.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 3

Darwin's hunting hypothesis, Rodman and McHenry's patchy forest hypothesis, and Lovejoy's provisioning hypothesis are three very different explanations for the rise of hominins, but all three invoke the same anatomical feature.What feature is this?

Accepted Answer

A)   bipedalism
B)   loss of diastema
C)   increased brain size
D)   changes in the hand that allow toolmaking and useE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

Along with other distinct traits, robust australopithecines had large ________ adapted for grinding food.

Accepted Answer

A)   premolars and molars
B)   temporalis muscles and a sagittal crest
C)   front teeth and small back teeth
D)   premolars, molars, temporalis muscles, and a sagittal crestE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

The exact arrangement of the ancient hominin phylogeny is unknown, but MOST likely

Accepted Answer

A)   Ardipithecus is at or near the base, and Australopithecus garhi gave rise to early Homo.
B)   robust australopithecines such as Australopithecus boisei are at the base and more gracile forms such as Australopithcus africanus evolved from those early robust forms.
C)   Australopithecus anamensis evolved directly into early Homo.
D)   all of the different so-called species of Australopithecus are really one species, with the robust forms being males and the more gracile forms being females.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 6

A pre-australopithecine MOST likely has which of the following characteristics?

Accepted Answer

A)   nonhoning dentition, primitive apelike traits, and increased brain size
B)   modified honing dentition, primitive apelike traits, and increased brain size
C)   modified honing dentition, primitive apelike traits, and small brain size
D)   nonhoning dentition, loss of apelike traits, and small brain sizeE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

The Laetoli footprints demonstrate that the foot of Australopithecus afarensis was humanlike in having a

Accepted Answer

A)   rounded heel.
B)   nondivergent big toe.
C)   double arch.
D)   rounded heel, nondivergent big toe, and double arch.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

Evidence indicating that Orrorin tugenensis was bipedal comes mainly from which part of the skeleton?

Accepted Answer

A)   femur (thighbone) 
B)   skull
C)   foot
D)   pelvisE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 9

The foundational behavior of hominins was

Accepted Answer

A)   hunting.
B)   tool use.
C)   bipedalism.
D)   speech.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

Australopithecus robustus's large masticatory complex (large molars, face, and muscles)  indicate an adaptation to

Accepted Answer

A)   eating hard food with sand in it.
B)   eating a great deal of red meat.
C)   eating foods requiring heavy chewing.
D)   gnawing on bones.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 11

Which of the following is an adaptive characteristic of bipedalism?

Accepted Answer

A)   opposable thumb
B)   permanently bent knee
C)   convergent eyes
D)   shape of the pelvis and spineE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 12

The Oldowan Complex is a part of the

Accepted Answer

A)   Upper Paleolithic.
B)   Lower Paleolithic.
C)   Eocene.
D)   Solutrean.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

Speech, advanced cognition, and complex material culture

Accepted Answer

A)   do not define a hominin.
B)   define a hominin.
C)   define a higher primate.
D)   did not evolve through the primate lineage.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 14

The Oldowan Complex includes tools like

Accepted Answer

A)   hand axes, flakes, and cores.
B)   cobbles, flakes, and side scrapers.
C)   choppers, cobbles, flakes, and bone tools.
D)   choppers, hand axes, and side scrapers.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

Humans use their molars for

Accepted Answer

A)   biting.
B)   crushing.
C)   shearing.
D)   mashing.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 16

Discuss the Ardipithecus ramidus fossil and its implications for understanding human evolution.

Accepted Answer

The primitive nature of the fossil confi...

Question 17

Why did Louis and Mary Leakey choose Olduvai Gorge as the place to spend decades doing their research?

Accepted Answer

A)   No one had worked there before, so anything they found would make them and their work famous.
B)   Several skeletons of early hominins had been found there already, so they knew it was a good place to work.
C)   The layers exposed by the gorge were known to include ancient stone tools and animal remains.
D)   The environment around Olduvai is very wet and forested, and the Leakeys knew that early primates had evolved in a well-watered habitat.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 18

A hominin is defined as having the following two obligate behaviors:

Accepted Answer

A)   speech and advanced cognition.
B)   bipedal locomotion and nonhoning chewing.
C)   bipedal locomotion and speech.
D)   nonhoning chewing and advanced cognition.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Exam 10: Early Hominin Origins and Evolution: The Roots of Humanity

The Oldowan Complex includes tools like

Correct Answer
verified

Darwin's hunting hypothesis, Rodman and McHenry's patchy forest hypothesis, and Lovejoy's provisioning hypothesis are three very different explanations for the rise of hominins, but all three invoke the same anatomical feature.What feature is this?

Correct Answer
verified

Why did Louis and Mary Leakey choose Olduvai Gorge as the place to spend decades doing their research?

Correct Answer
verified

A hominin is defined as having the following two obligate behaviors:

Correct Answer
verified

In an ape, the gap located between the canine and the third premolar on the lower jaw and the canine and the second incisor on the upper jaw is a

Correct Answer
verified

Speech, advanced cognition, and complex material culture

Correct Answer
verified

Evidence indicating that Orrorin tugenensis was bipedal comes mainly from which part of the skeleton?

Correct Answer
verified

The Laetoli footprints demonstrate that the foot of Australopithecus afarensis was humanlike in having a

Correct Answer
verified

Humans use their molars for

Correct Answer
verified

Along with other distinct traits, robust australopithecines had large ________ adapted for grinding food.

Correct Answer
verified

Discuss the Ardipithecus ramidus fossil and its implications for understanding human evolution.

Correct Answer
verified
The primitive nature of the fossil confi...
View Answer

A pre-australopithecine MOST likely has which of the following characteristics?

Correct Answer
verified

The foundational behavior of hominins was

Correct Answer
verified

The diversity of the hominins included increasingly specialized

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is an adaptive characteristic of bipedalism?

Correct Answer
verified

The Oldowan Complex is a part of the

Correct Answer
verified

Australopithecus robustus's large masticatory complex (large molars, face, and muscles) indicate an adaptation to

Correct Answer
verified

The exact arrangement of the ancient hominin phylogeny is unknown, but MOST likely

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 10: Early Hominin Origins and Evolution: The Roots of Humanity

The Oldowan Complex includes tools like

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Darwin's hunting hypothesis, Rodman and McHenry's patchy forest hypothesis, and Lovejoy's provisioning hypothesis are three very different explanations for the rise of hominins, but all three invoke the same anatomical feature.What feature is this?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why did Louis and Mary Leakey choose Olduvai Gorge as the place to spend decades doing their research?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A hominin is defined as having the following two obligate behaviors:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In an ape, the gap located between the canine and the third premolar on the lower jaw and the canine and the second incisor on the upper jaw is a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Speech, advanced cognition, and complex material culture

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evidence indicating that Orrorin tugenensis was bipedal comes mainly from which part of the skeleton?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Laetoli footprints demonstrate that the foot of Australopithecus afarensis was humanlike in having a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Humans use their molars for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Along with other distinct traits, robust australopithecines had large ________ adapted for grinding food.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discuss the Ardipithecus ramidus fossil and its implications for understanding human evolution.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe primitive nature of the fossil confi...View AnswerShow Answer

A pre-australopithecine MOST likely has which of the following characteristics?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The foundational behavior of hominins was

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The diversity of the hominins included increasingly specialized

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an adaptive characteristic of bipedalism?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Oldowan Complex is a part of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Australopithecus robustus's large masticatory complex (large molars, face, and muscles) indicate an adaptation to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The exact arrangement of the ancient hominin phylogeny is unknown, but MOST likely

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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The primitive nature of the fossil confi...
View Answer

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