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Section 1 of the Sherman Act prohibits unilateral conduct.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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The 2010 guidelines regarding horizontal mergers:


A) use a single methodology for merger analysis.
B) are intended to identify harmful mergers while avoiding unnecessary interference with mergers that will not be likely to affect competition.
C) explain that market definition is a necessary starting point of merger analysis.
D) reject use of the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index in quantifying market concentration.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Resulting from a Supreme Court decision, vertical territorial and customer restrictions are now illegal per se rather than being judged by the rule of reason.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Harry Jones at Jones Brothers Furniture Co. does not like the Bryte Lamp Co. representative, so he decided that Jones Brothers would boycott Bryte. Under the Sherman Act, this is:


A) per se illegal.
B) no violation.
C) a tying arrangement.
D) vertical market allocation.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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In tying arrangements, the courts may establish a seller's economic power by showing that:


A) the seller occupied a dominant position in the tying market.
B) the seller's product enjoys an advantage not shared by its competitors in the tying market.
C) a substantial number of customers have accepted the tying arrangement and the sole explanation for their willingness to comply is the seller's economic power in the tying market.
D) All of these.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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The principal objective of antitrust law governing mergers is to maintain competition.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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If United Widgets lowers its price to all buyers of 10 or more widgets, it is not a violation of the Robinson-Patman Act.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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All tying arrangements are per se illegal.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Barb sets her prices to undercut her competitors by 20%. This is:


A) vertical price fixing.
B) market allocation in restraint of competition.
C) no violation of the Sherman Act.
D) per se illegal.

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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The language of Section 1 of the Sherman Act prohibits every contract that restrains trade, and the courts have interpreted this prohibition literally so as to invalidate all such contracts.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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The "rule of reason" requires the courts to balance the anticompetitive effects of behavior in restraint of trade with its positive effects on competition.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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The main goal of antitrust regulation is to prevent competitive behavior among firms.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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If a seller of a product conditions its sale upon the buyer's purchasing a second product from the seller, this is known as a:


A) tying arrangement.
B) vertical boycott.
C) horizontal restraint.
D) disparagement.

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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In order for there to be a violation of Section 2 of the Sherman Act, in addition to monopoly power, the courts must find:


A) unfair conduct.
B) concerted action.
C) competitive behavior.
D) economic advantage.

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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The distinction between horizontal and vertical restraints often determines whether a restraint is illegal per se or should be judged by the rule of reason test.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Widget Maker, Inc. manufactures and sells widgets. It sells widgets to Marklin of Marklin's Department Store and gives him a preference in pricing that discriminates against other retailers. Does Marklin have liability for price discrimination? Does Widget Maker, Inc. have liability for price discrimination? Explain.

Correct Answer

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Widget Maker, Inc. has liability under t...

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The Sherman Act:


A) prohibits contracts and combinations in restraint of trade.
B) prohibits conspiracies in restraint of trade.
C) proscribes monopolization and any attempts to monopolize.
D) All of these.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following remedies are available under the Sherman Act?


A) Injunctive
B) Damages of four times the amount of actual loss sustained
C) Consequential damages
D) All of these

E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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The common law traditionally favored competition.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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It is per se illegal under the Sherman Act to set a maximum price, but not a minimum price.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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