Question 1

Which of the following illustrates the constructive nature of memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Janice keeps calling her new boyfriend by her old boyfriend's name. 
B)  After studying all afternoon and then getting drunk in the evening,Don can't remember the material he studied. 
C)  After getting some good news,elated Kareem has a flood of good memories from his younger years. 
D)  Although Mrs. Harvey,who has Alzheimer's disease,has many gaps in her memory,she invents sensible accounts of her activities so that her family will not worry.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 2

During her evening Spanish language exam,Janica so easily remembers the French vocabulary she studied that morning that she finds it difficult to recall the Spanish vocabulary she rehearsed that afternoon. Her difficulty best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  the spacing effect. 
B)  proactive interference. 
C)  source amnesia. 
D)  retroactive interference.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 3

The misinformation effect best illustrates the dynamics of

Accepted Answer

A)  memory construction. 
B)  repression. 
C)  proactive interference. 
D)  the memory trace.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 4

To help resolve the controversy over reports of repressed memories of sexual abuse,the major psychological and psychiatric associations suggest that

Accepted Answer

A)  all our experiences are preserved somewhere in our minds. 
B)  the more stressful an experience is,the more quickly it will be consciously forgotten. 
C)  repression is the most common mechanism underlying the failure to recall early childhood abuse. 
D)  adult memories of experiences happening before age 3 are unreliable.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 5

Incest survivors who lack conscious memories of their sexual abuse may sometimes be told that they are simply in a stage of "denial" and "repression." This explanation for their lack of abuse memories emphasizes

Accepted Answer

A)  proactive interference. 
B)  encoding failure. 
C)  the spacing effect. 
D)  retrieval failure.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 6

Forming many associations between new course material and what you already know is an effective way to build a network of

Accepted Answer

A)  retrieval cues. 
B)  sensory memories. 
C)  state-dependent memories. 
D)  serial position effects.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Which of the following techniques used by professional therapists is(are) likely to promote false memories in patients?

Accepted Answer

A)  hypnosis 
B)  guided imagery 
C)  dream analysis 
D)  all of these techniquesE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 8

The disruptive effect of new learning on the recall of previously learned information is called

Accepted Answer

A)  repression. 
B)  source amnesia. 
C)  retroactive interference. 
D)  infantile amnesia.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 9

As a child,Andre dreamed that he was chased and attacked by a ferocious dog. Many years later,he mistakenly recalled that this had actually happened to him. Andre's false recollection best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  repression. 
B)  proactive interference. 
C)  retrieval cues. 
D)  source amnesia.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

After suffering a brain injury in a motorcycle accident,Adam cannot form new memories. He can,however,remember his life experiences before the accident. Adam's memory difficulty most clearly illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  repression. 
B)  retroactive interference. 
C)  encoding failure. 
D)  source amnesia.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 11

Although Ron typically smokes two packs of cigarettes a day,he recalls smoking little more than a pack a day. This poor memory best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  the misinformation effect. 
B)  motivated forgetting. 
C)  The spacing effect. 
D)  imagination inflation.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 12

Proactive interference refers to the

Accepted Answer

A)  blocking of painful memories from conscious awareness. 
B)  incorporation of misleading information into one's memory of an event. 
C)  disruptive effect of new learning on the recall of previously learned information. 
D)  disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall of new information.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 13

A type of motivated forgetting in which anxiety-arousing memories are blocked from conscious awareness is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  retroactive interference. 
B)  proactive interference. 
C)  repression. 
D)  source amnesia.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 14

Among contemporary memory researchers,increasing numbers think that ______ rarely,if ever,occurs.

Accepted Answer

A)  proactive interference 
B)  automatic processing 
C)  source amnesia 
D)  repressionE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 15

Karl and Dee had a joyful wedding ceremony. After their painful divorce,however,they began to remember the wedding as a somewhat hectic and unpleasant event. Their recollections best illustrate the nature of

Accepted Answer

A)  proactive interference. 
B)  memory construction. 
C)  the spacing effect. 
D)  source amnesia.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 16

Repression is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  encoding failure. 
B)  memory decay. 
C)  motivated forgetting. 
D)  all of these things.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 17

Research reports of repression and recovered memories indicate that

Accepted Answer

A)  people rarely recall memories of long-forgotten events. 
B)  most extremely traumatic life experiences are never encoded in long-term memory. 
C)  only those memories recovered with the help of a professional psychotherapist are likely to be reliable. 
D)  extremely stressful life experiences are especially likely to be well remembered.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 18

When children are interviewed about their recollections of possible sexual abuse,their reports are especially credible if

Accepted Answer

A)  they are asked specific,detailed questions about the issue rather than more general,open-ended questions. 
B)  after responding to an interviewer,they are repeatedly asked the same question they just answered. 
C)  they use anatomically correct dolls to indicate if and where they had been physically touched. 
D)  involved adults have not discussed the issue with them prior to the interview.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 19

A person who has trouble forgetting information,such as the Russian memory whiz S,often seems to have a limited capacity for

Accepted Answer

A)  working memory. 
B)  sensory memory. 
C)  abstract thinking. 
D)  visual imagery.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 20

Michael Ross and his colleagues observed that people exposed to very convincing arguments about the value of frequent toothbrushing tended to

Accepted Answer

A)  quickly forget the arguments if they were in the habit of brushing frequently. 
B)  quickly forget the arguments if they were not in the habit of brushing frequently. 
C)  exaggerate how frequently they had brushed their teeth in the past. 
D)  exaggerate how infrequently they had brushed their teeth in the past.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Exam 19: Doing Together What We Would Not Do Alone

The misinformation effect best illustrates the dynamics of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although Ron typically smokes two packs of cigarettes a day,he recalls smoking little more than a pack a day. This poor memory best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A type of motivated forgetting in which anxiety-arousing memories are blocked from conscious awareness is known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As a child,Andre dreamed that he was chased and attacked by a ferocious dog. Many years later,he mistakenly recalled that this had actually happened to him. Andre's false recollection best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Incest survivors who lack conscious memories of their sexual abuse may sometimes be told that they are simply in a stage of "denial" and "repression." This explanation for their lack of abuse memories emphasizes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Michael Ross and his colleagues observed that people exposed to very convincing arguments about the value of frequent toothbrushing tended to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Karl and Dee had a joyful wedding ceremony. After their painful divorce,however,they began to remember the wedding as a somewhat hectic and unpleasant event. Their recollections best illustrate the nature of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following illustrates the constructive nature of memory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After suffering a brain injury in a motorcycle accident,Adam cannot form new memories. He can,however,remember his life experiences before the accident. Adam's memory difficulty most clearly illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following techniques used by professional therapists is(are) likely to promote false memories in patients?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Among contemporary memory researchers,increasing numbers think that ______ rarely,if ever,occurs.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Forming many associations between new course material and what you already know is an effective way to build a network of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To help resolve the controversy over reports of repressed memories of sexual abuse,the major psychological and psychiatric associations suggest that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The disruptive effect of new learning on the recall of previously learned information is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A person who has trouble forgetting information,such as the Russian memory whiz S,often seems to have a limited capacity for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During her evening Spanish language exam,Janica so easily remembers the French vocabulary she studied that morning that she finds it difficult to recall the Spanish vocabulary she rehearsed that afternoon. Her difficulty best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Proactive interference refers to the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When children are interviewed about their recollections of possible sexual abuse,their reports are especially credible if

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Repression is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research reports of repression and recovered memories indicate that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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