Question 1

A child falls and suffers a deep cut on her leg. The cut went through her skin and she is bleeding. Which of the following defense mechanisms will participate in eliminating contaminating microbes?

Accepted Answer

A)   normal skin flora
B)   lysozyme
C)   acidic skin secretions
D)   mucociliary escalator
E)   phagocytosis in the inflammatory responseF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 2

The inflammatory response can only be triggered by an infection.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which of the following statements about the classical pathway of complement activation is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)   C1 is the first protein activated in the classical pathway.
B)   The C1 protein complex is initiated by antigen-antibody complexes.
C)   C3b causes opsonization.
D)   Cleaved fragments of some of the proteins act to increase inflammation.
E)   C3 is not involved in the classical pathway.F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 4

Macrophages arise from which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   eosinophils
B)   neutrophils
C)   monocytes
D)   basophils
E)   lymphocytesF) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 5

Each of the following provides protection from phagocytic digestion EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   M protein.
B)   leukocidins.
C)   formation of phagolysosomes.
D)   capsules.
E)   biofilms.F) B) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 6

Several inherited deficiencies in the complement system occur in humans. Which of the following would be the MOST severe?

Accepted Answer

A)   deficiency of C6
B)   deficiency of C8
C)   deficiency of C7
D)   deficiency of C5
E)   deficiency of C3F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 7

TLRs attach to all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   LPS.
B)   peptidoglycan.
C)   PAMPs.
D)   AMPs.
E)   flagellin.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 8

The complement protein cascade is the same for the classical pathway, alternative pathway, and lectin pathway after the point in the cascade where the activation of takes place.

Accepted Answer

A)   C2
B)   C6
C)   C1
D)   C3
E)   C5F) All of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 9

All of the following are iron-binding proteins found in humans EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   siderophorin.
B)   hemoglobin.
C)   transferrin.
D)   lactoferrin.
E)   ferritin.F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 10

The classical pathway for complement activation is initiated by

Accepted Answer

A)   antigen-antibody reactions.
B)   factors released from phagocytes.
C)   lipid-carbohydrate complexes and C3.
D)   C5-C9.
E)   factors released from damaged tissues.F) All of the above
G) None of the above

Question 11

Phagocytes utilize all of the following to optimize interaction with (getting to and getting hold of)  microorganisms EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   chemotaxis.
B)   complement.
C)   trapping a bacterium against a rough surface.
D)   opsonization.
E)   lysozyme.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 12

Microorganisms that are members of the normal microbiota are also known to cause disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Maturation of stem cells into mature blood cells occurs in the red bone marrow.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The swelling associated with inflammation decreases when the fluid

Accepted Answer

A)   is excreted in urine.
B)   is transported into macrophages.
C)   goes into lymph capillaries.
D)   returns to the blood.
E)   is lost as perspiration.F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 15

A chill is a sign that

Accepted Answer

A)   blood vessels are dilating.
B)   body temperature is rising.
C)   the metabolic rate is decreasing.
D)   body temperature is falling.
E)   body temperature is not changing.F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 16

Which non-specific defense mechanism is mismatched with its associated body structure or body fluid?

Accepted Answer

A)   lysozyme  tears and saliva
B)   keratin and tightly packed cells  skin
C)   mucociliary escalator  intestines
D)   very acidic pH  stomach
E)   cerumen and sebum  earF) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 17

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)   Alpha interferon acts against specific viruses.
B)   Beta interferon attacks invading viruses.
C)   Gamma interferon causes bactericidal activity by macrophages.
D)   All three types of interferons have the same effect on the body.
E)   Alpha interferon promotes phagocytosis.F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 18

After ingesting a pathogen, lysosomal enzymes produce all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   complement.
B)   HOCl.
C)   o2-.
D)   H2o2.
E)   OH.F) B) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 19

Each of the following is an effect of complement activation EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   increased blood vessel permeability.
B)   opsonization.
C)   interference with viral replication.
D)   bacterial cell lysis.
E)   increased phagocytic activity.F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Exam 16: Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host

Maturation of stem cells into mature blood cells occurs in the red bone marrow.

Correct Answer
verified

Several inherited deficiencies in the complement system occur in humans. Which of the following would be the MOST severe?

Correct Answer
verified

Macrophages arise from which of the following?

Correct Answer
verified

Phagocytes utilize all of the following to optimize interaction with (getting to and getting hold of) microorganisms EXCEPT

Correct Answer
verified

After ingesting a pathogen, lysosomal enzymes produce all of the following EXCEPT

Correct Answer
verified

A chill is a sign that

Correct Answer
verified

A child falls and suffers a deep cut on her leg. The cut went through her skin and she is bleeding. Which of the following defense mechanisms will participate in eliminating contaminating microbes?

Correct Answer
verified

The swelling associated with inflammation decreases when the fluid

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Correct Answer
verified

All of the following are iron-binding proteins found in humans EXCEPT

Correct Answer
verified

The inflammatory response can only be triggered by an infection.

Correct Answer
verified

The complement protein cascade is the same for the classical pathway, alternative pathway, and lectin pathway after the point in the cascade where the activation of takes place.

Correct Answer
verified

Each of the following provides protection from phagocytic digestion EXCEPT

Correct Answer
verified

TLRs attach to all of the following EXCEPT

Correct Answer
verified

Each of the following is an effect of complement activation EXCEPT

Correct Answer
verified

Microorganisms that are members of the normal microbiota are also known to cause disease.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements about the classical pathway of complement activation is FALSE?

Correct Answer
verified

The classical pathway for complement activation is initiated by

Correct Answer
verified

Which non-specific defense mechanism is mismatched with its associated body structure or body fluid?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 16: Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host

Maturation of stem cells into mature blood cells occurs in the red bone marrow.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Several inherited deficiencies in the complement system occur in humans. Which of the following would be the MOST severe?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Macrophages arise from which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Phagocytes utilize all of the following to optimize interaction with (getting to and getting hold of) microorganisms EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After ingesting a pathogen, lysosomal enzymes produce all of the following EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A chill is a sign that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A child falls and suffers a deep cut on her leg. The cut went through her skin and she is bleeding. Which of the following defense mechanisms will participate in eliminating contaminating microbes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The swelling associated with inflammation decreases when the fluid

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are iron-binding proteins found in humans EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The inflammatory response can only be triggered by an infection.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The complement protein cascade is the same for the classical pathway, alternative pathway, and lectin pathway after the point in the cascade where the activation of takes place.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each of the following provides protection from phagocytic digestion EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

TLRs attach to all of the following EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each of the following is an effect of complement activation EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Microorganisms that are members of the normal microbiota are also known to cause disease.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about the classical pathway of complement activation is FALSE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The classical pathway for complement activation is initiated by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which non-specific defense mechanism is mismatched with its associated body structure or body fluid?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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