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Articular cartilage is composed of hyaline cartilage that lacks a perichondrium.

A) True
B) False

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When the angle between articulating bones increases beyond the anatomic position,the movement is referred to as


A) dislocation.
B) supination.
C) hyperextension.
D) hyperflexion.
E) hypertrophy.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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Common,wear-and-tear arthritis,in which repeated use of a joint gradually wears down the articular cartilage,is known as


A) gout.
B) osteoarthritis.
C) rheumatoid arthritis.
D) osteopenia.
E) articular porosis.

F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

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The pubic symphysis is classified as a


A) cartilaginous joint and an amphiarthrosis.
B) fibrous joint and a synarthrosis.
C) synovial joint and a diarthrosis.
D) cartilaginous joint and a synarthrosis.
E) fibrous joint and an amphiarthrosis.

F) D) and E)
G) None of the above

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When considering leverage,the part of the bone from the muscle attachment to the joint would be the


A) fulcrum.
B) effort arm.
C) resistance arm.

D) None of the above
E) A) and B)

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Gomphoses


A) contain fluid-filled joint cavities.
B) are found only in tooth sockets.
C) consist of sheets of hyaline cartilage.
D) cover the tendons in the shoulder and coxal joints.
E) are also called saddle joints.

F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

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In the temporomandibular joint,a pad of fibrocartilage called the _________ divides the synovial cavity into two separate chambers.


A) meniscus
B) articular disc
C) mandibular partition
D) sphenomandibular ligament
E) coronoid capsule

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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The elbow is considered to be a stable joint.

A) True
B) False

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The joint formed by the axis and atlas that permits the "no" shaking of the head is a _____ joint.


A) condylar
B) hinge
C) plane
D) pivot
E) saddle

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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The glenohumeral joint is more stable than the hip joint.

A) True
B) False

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Based on its range of motion,the elbow is classified as a(n) __________ joint.


A) multiaxial
B) gliding
C) uniaxial
D) biaxial
E) ellipsoid

F) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

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In the body,a joint serves as a ________ for a long bone.


A) fulcrum
B) lever
C) effort arm
D) resistor

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Which is not true about synovial joints


A) All articulating bone surfaces are covered with articular cartilage.
B) Synovial joints are enclosed by fibrous articular capsules.
C) Synovial fluid is secreted by the synovial membrane.
D) Ligaments strengthen and reinforce joints.
E) Blood circulates within the joint cavity to nourish the articular cartilage.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

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During development of synovial joints,the articular capsule forms from mesenchymal tissue that is


A) laterally located.
B) centrally located.

C) A) and B)
D) undefined

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Imagine that you are designing a two-segment robot arm that has the sole function of bending and straightening at a single joint.When designing the robot joint,which joint in the human body would you try to copy What features would your robot joint share with the biological joint Would mobility or stability be your priority

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While varied answers might be acceptable...

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The part of a lever from the fulcrum to the point of effort is called the effort arm.

A) True
B) False

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The term "diarthrosis" refers to a joint that is


A) immobile.
B) freely mobile.
C) fused.
D) slightly mobile.
E) dislocated.

F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

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The deltoid ligament is also known as the medial ligament.

A) True
B) False

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During development,tissue called ___________ differentiates to form the connective tissues of cartilagenous and fibrous joints.

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When protracting the jaw or making small side-to-side movements during chewing,the temporomandibular joint makes ________ movements.


A) rotation
B) gliding
C) flexion
D) extension
E) circumduction

F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

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