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Exam 9: Language and Thinking

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Question 191

Multiple Choice

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A representation of a stimulus that originates inside your brain rather than from external sensory input is known as

A) a mental icon
B) a mental image
C) iconic sensory memory
D) pictorial memory

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Question 192

Multiple Choice

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Functional fixedness involves which of the following?

A) Inferring the probability of something by noticing how easy it is to call up in memory
B) Failing to notice novel or creative uses of objects or procedures
C) Solving a problem by reasoning from general theories to specific instances
D) Using a general rule of thumb that is correct most of the time to solve problems

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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Question 193

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Our tendency to prove or validate beliefs that we already hold instead of looking for evidence to disprove our assumptions is referred as ______________.

If you were solving a problem and wanted to guarantee that you reached the correct solution, it would be best to use

Night-time dreams and studies on mental rotation are examples of

Researchers exploring a possible critical period for learning a second language examine "early" versus "late" second-language learners ________.

If you rejected a strong genetic basis for language, you would most likely NOT believe that humans had a

The fact that children from Asian countries frequently perform better on mathematical tests in comparison to English-speaking children is evidence in support of which of the following?

Speech segmentation was given as an example in your textbook of how ___________ is involved in understanding language.

The sentence "Make me a coffee." has

If you identify differences between the present situation and the desired goal state and then make changes to reduce these differences, it is indicative of using ____________ to solve a problem.

Josh really wants to lose about 30 pounds. So he figures out that he needs to identify methods to lose weight, the best time of the day to work out, and how many pounds he will aim for in one week. Josh has just engaged in

The five properties that are common to all languages are that they are all symbolic, have structure, convey meaning, are generative, and permits displacement.

Relying on familiar things when making decisions such as buying our usual desired tooth paste is a form of relying on a heuristic?

We identify differences between the present situation and the desired goal state and then make changes to reduce these differences when using ____________ to solve a problem.

Maylin and her friend are reading the same book on American politics and meet weekly to talk about it. The process of combining sentences into paragraphs, chapters, books, conversations, and debates is collectively referred to as

It is assumed that the availability heuristic sometimes results in inaccurate judgments by leading people to confuse probability judgments with how easy it is to call up information from memory.

Mental imagery involves

In the Tower of Hanoi problem, the importance and value of ___________ was demonstrated.

To infer how closely something fits our prototype for a particular class and the likelihood that it belongs to that class, we use __________.