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Describe adhocracy structural configurations in organizations.

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How is a bureaucratic organizational structure different from a flexible organization structure?

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Describe how the personalities of an organization's managers may adversely affect the structure of the organization.

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_____ is the degree of differentiation between organizational subunits and is based on employees' specialized knowledge, education, or training.


A) Horizontal differentiation
B) Spatial differentiation
C) Vertical differentiation
D) Lateral differentiation

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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_____ help individuals understand their roles in an organization, especially in times of crisis.


A) Vertical linkages
B) Horizontal linkages
C) Spatial linkages
D) Departmental linkages

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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In the context of Mintzberg's organizational structures, which of the following statements is true of the simple structure?


A) It emphasizes strong centralization of decision making in the upper echelon.
B) It has a big technical and support staff.
C) It has extensive middle-level management.
D) It involves maximum vertical differentiation of authority.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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What are the variables that Joan Woodward, Charles Perrow, and James Thompson considered in their approaches to understand traditional organizational technologies?

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In the context of Mintzberg's structural configurations for organizations, an automobile plant with routinized operating tasks is an example of a_____.


A) simple structure
B) machine bureaucracy
C) professional bureaucracy
D) divisionalized form

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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_____ ensures that all essential organizational tasks are assigned to one or more jobs and that the tasks receive the attention they need.


A) Integration
B) Coordination
C) Differentiation
D) Standardization

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Magical Cloves, a cake shop, is co-owned by Sarah and Zeba. All the cake recipes are their own and they directly supervise the staff at the store. No decisions are taken by the staff without prior approval from Sarah or Zeba. In the context of Mintzberg's organizational structures, Magical Cloves has adopted a(n) _____.


A) professional bureaucracy
B) simple structure
C) machine bureaucracy
D) adhocracy

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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In the context of structural dimensions of an organization, the organic structure emphasizes:


A) structured activities.
B) open communication.
C) specialized tasks.
D) centralized decision making.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Besides the obvious geographic differences associated with globalization, there may be deep cultural and value-system differences between the various countries that an organization operates in.

A) True
B) False

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In the context of Mintzberg's five structural configurations of organizations, differentiate between the simple structure and the machine bureaucracy.

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_____ can be described as the design process of breaking organizational goals into tasks.


A) Centralization
B) Specialization
C) Differentiation
D) Integration

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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As the level of centralization increases in an organization, the probability of _____ also increases.


A) the upper echelon losing power
B) the strategic decision process being initiated by lower-level managers
C) dependence on middle-level management
D) the decision process being goal-oriented and rational

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

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Contextual variables refer to a set of four:


A) variables that decide the function of an organization.
B) characteristics that decide the norms of behavior in organizations.
C) variables that assess the performance of employees in an organization.
D) characteristics that influence the success of an organization's design.

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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For international businesses to achieve vertical differentiation, _____.


A) a hierarchy of authority must be created that clarifies the responsibilities of both domestic and foreign managers
B) foreign and domestic operations should be grouped in such a way that the company effectively serves the needs of all customers
C) the global structure must allow decisions to be made in the most appropriate area of the organization
D) top level managers must emphasize flexibility and openness in organizational structure

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Briefly describe environmental uncertainty in organizations.

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Three key ingredients for the development of trust in virtual organizations are technology that can communicate emotion; a sharing of values, vision, and organizational identity; and a high standard of ethics.

A) True
B) False

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Explain spatial differentiation in organizations.

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