Question 1

Poor diet

Accepted Answer

A)   is not a major contributor to susceptibility to childhood diseases.
B)   is usually unrelated to childhood illnesses such as measles and chicken pox.
C)   depresses the body's immune system, making children more susceptible to disease.
D)   can cause childhood illnesses such as measles and chicken pox.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

Neurons in the __________ send out fibers to the prefrontal cortex, contributing to improvements in sustained, controlled attention.

Accepted Answer

A)   cerebellum
B)   hippocampus
C)   reticular formation
D)   corpus callosumE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 3

Growth and myelination of fibers linking the cerebellum to the cerebral cortex contributes to __________ in early childhood.

Accepted Answer

A)   a strong hand preference
B)   suppression of impulses in favor of thoughtful responses
C)   dramatic gains in motor coordination
D)   dramatic gains in spatial skillsE) All of the above
F) A) and B) C

Question 4

Discuss how motor vehicle use relates to childhood injuries. What are some ways to minimize unintentional injuries during automobile travel?

Accepted Answer

Unintentional injuries are the leading c...

Question 5

When it comes to injury prevention, American parents

Accepted Answer

A)   more often teach safety rules to their preschoolers as an advance preventive rather than a reaction to unsafe behaviors.
B)   seem willing to ignore familiar safety practices, perhaps because of the high value they place on personal freedom.
C)   take more safety precautions than parents in other industrialized nations.
D)   place a high value on the use of safety devices, such as bicycle helmets, booster seats, and fire extinguishers.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above B

Question 6

Brianna, age 4, eats only pasta, bread, and chicken. Which of the following would you suggest to Brianna's parents to encourage their daughter to eat new foods?

Accepted Answer

A)   Serve her only new foods so that she has no other choices.
B)   Repeatedly expose her to new foods without any direct pressure to eat them.
C)   Add sugar or butter to new foods, and offer dessert if she eats them.
D)   Refuse to serve pasta until she tries at least one new food.E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 7

The hippocampus plays a vital role in

Accepted Answer

A)   balance.
B)   consciousness.
C)   control of body movement.
D)   memory.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 8

During the preschool years,

Accepted Answer

A)   children usually eat the same amount of food during each meal.
B)   children can tolerate more fats, oils, and salt.
C)   it is common for children's appetite to increase.
D)   the emotional climate at mealtimes has a powerful impact on eating habits.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

In cultures with little interest in art,

Accepted Answer

A)   children nonetheless create elaborate drawings.
B)   children still draw the universal tadpole image to represent a person.
C)   the first drawings of the human figure typically emphasize the head and face.
D)   even older children and adolescents produce simple forms.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 10

The reticular formation is located in the

Accepted Answer

A)   brain stem.
B)   prefrontal cortex.
C)   temporal lobe of the cerebral cortex.
D)   left hemisphere of the brain.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 11

When young children with psychosocial dwarfism are removed from their emotionally inadequate environments,

Accepted Answer

A)   their dwarfism is permanent, even with immediate treatment.
B)   they rarely exhibit catch-up growth.
C)   they must be given high levels of iron to prevent anemia.
D)   their growth hormone (GH)  levels quickly return to normal and they grow rapidly.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 12

Which of the following statements about individual differences in motor skills during early childhood is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Girls can run slightly faster than boys.
B)   Girls can broad-jump slightly farther than boys.
C)   Girls have an edge over boys in fine-motor skills.
D)   Girls are ahead of boys in skills that emphasize force.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

In industrialized nations, childhood diseases have declined dramatically during the past half century, largely as a result of

Accepted Answer

A)   generous government nutrition programs.
B)   government-funded health care.
C)   widespread immunization of infants and young children.
D)   a reduction in the number of viral and bacterial infections worldwide.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of the corpus callosum?

Accepted Answer

A)   It plays a central role in processing of novelty and emotional information.
B)   It creates a link between the right cerebral hemisphere and the hippocampus.
C)   It generates synapses and myelinates throughout early childhood and into adolescence.
D)   It supports smooth coordination of movements on both sides of the body.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

The __________ plays a critical role in the rate of physical growth.

Accepted Answer

A)   pituitary gland
B)   hippocampus
C)   reticular formation
D)   corpus callosumE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 16

Describe the development of drawing in children in Western nations.

Accepted Answer

Typically, drawing progresses through th...

Question 17

Which of the following statements about nutrition in the United States is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   By the school years, low-SES U.S. children are, on average, about ½ to 1 inch shorter than their economically advantaged counterparts.
B)   Unlike children in developing countries, few children in the United States lack access to sufficient high-quality food to support healthy growth.
C)   Because food products in the United States are vitamin fortified, children no longer suffer from vitamin A, calcium, zinc, or vitamin C deficiencies.
D)   Parents who restrict their preschool children's eating decrease the likelihood that the children will be overweight or obese in adolescence.E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 18

Handedness

Accepted Answer

A)   reflects the greater capacity of one side of the brain to carry out skilled motor action.
B)   is evident in a wide range of skills from birth.
C)   is a heritable trait, especially for left-handed people.
D)   is strongest for simple, rather than complex, skills.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 19

The years from 2 to 6 are often called "the __________ years."

Accepted Answer

A)   play
B)   growth
C)   beginning
D)   meE) B) and C)
F) A) and D) A

Question 20

Which of the following statements about self-help skills is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   While young preschoolers can use a spoon well, they cannot serve themselves at mealtimes.
B)   The use of child-sized eating utensils is unnecessary and inhibits fine-motor progress.
C)   Between ages 4 and 5, children can dress and undress without supervision.
D)   Shoe-tying skills are typically mastered in early preschool.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Exam 8: Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Poor diet

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Neurons in the __________ send out fibers to the prefrontal cortex, contributing to improvements in sustained, controlled attention.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Growth and myelination of fibers linking the cerebellum to the cerebral cortex contributes to __________ in early childhood.

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Discuss how motor vehicle use relates to childhood injuries. What are some ways to minimize unintentional injuries during automobile travel?

Correct AnswerverifiedUnintentional injuries are the leading c...View AnswerShow Answer

When it comes to injury prevention, American parents

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Brianna, age 4, eats only pasta, bread, and chicken. Which of the following would you suggest to Brianna's parents to encourage their daughter to eat new foods?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The hippocampus plays a vital role in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During the preschool years,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In cultures with little interest in art,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The reticular formation is located in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When young children with psychosocial dwarfism are removed from their emotionally inadequate environments,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about individual differences in motor skills during early childhood is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In industrialized nations, childhood diseases have declined dramatically during the past half century, largely as a result of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a function of the corpus callosum?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The __________ plays a critical role in the rate of physical growth.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the development of drawing in children in Western nations.

Correct AnswerverifiedTypically, drawing progresses through th...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following statements about nutrition in the United States is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Handedness

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The years from 2 to 6 are often called "the __________ years."

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Which of the following statements about self-help skills is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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C

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Unintentional injuries are the leading c...
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B

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Typically, drawing progresses through th...
View Answer

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A

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