Question 1

Which of the following structures would be expected to develop normally in individuals with the DiGeorge's syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A)  Aortic arches
B)  Parathyroid glands
C)  Thymus
D)  Truncus arteriosus
E)  Parotid glandF) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 2

In bilateral cleft lip,the clefts are typically found between the _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Central incisor teeth
B)  Central and lateral incisor teeth
C)  Lateral incisor and canine teeth
D)  Canine and first molar teeth
E)  First and second molar teethF) A) and B)
G) A) and C) C

Question 3

Which of the following associations is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Enamel - Oral ectoderm; Dentine - Oral ectoderm
B)  Enamel - Oral ectoderm; Dentine - Cranial mesoderm
C)  Enamel - Neural crest ectoderm; Dentine - Neural crest ectoderm
D)  Enamel - Oral ectoderm; Dentine - Neural crest ectoderm
E)  Enamel - Neural crest ectoderm; Dentine - Cranial mesodermF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 4

An oblique facial cleft is due to incomplete fusion of the ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Nasolateral process with maxillary process
B)  Nasomedial process with mandibular process
C)  Nasomedial process with nasolateral process
D)  Nasomedial process with maxillary process
E)  Nasolateral process with mandibular processF) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 5

The greater horn (cornu) of the hyoid bone is a derivative of the ____________ pharyngeal arch.

Accepted Answer

A)  First
B)  Second
C)  Third
D)  Fourth
E)  SixthF) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 6

Defective formation of the forebrain is the underlying cause of _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Oblique facial cleft
B)  Cleft palate
C)  Holoprosencephaly
D)  Treacher Collins syndrome
E)  AgnathiaF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 7

The earliest induction in tooth development consists of the ectoderm of the dental epithelium acting on the underlying neural crest mesenchyme.Which of the following molecules is an important mediator of the inductive stimulus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bone morphogenetic protein-4
B)  Sonic hedgehog
C)  Hoxb
D)  Hoax
E)  Pax-6F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 8

In cases of holoprosencephaly,defects of facial structures are typically secondary to defects of the ________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Pharynx
B)  Oral cavity
C)  Forebrain
D)  Eyes
E)  HindbrainF) C) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 9

The facial (VII) nerve supplies muscles derived from the ______________ pharyngeal arch.

Accepted Answer

A)  First
B)  Second
C)  Third
D)  Fourth
E)  SixthF) C) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 10

The foramen cecum represents the original location of the primordium of the ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Thymus
B)  Parathyroid glands
C)  Thyroid gland
D)  Anterior lobe of pituitary gland
E)  Posterior lobe of pituitary glandF) B) and C)
G) A) and C)

Question 11

In keeping with its embryological origin,the sensory innervation of the body of the tongue is from cranial nerve __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  V
B)  VII
C)  IX
D)  X
E)  XIIF) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

Question 12

Most of the facial muscles arise from the ______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Neural crest
B)  Somites
C)  Somitomeres
D)  Splanchnic mesodermE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 13

Meckel's cartilage is a prominent component during the early formation of the ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Upper jaw
B)  Lower jaw
C)  Nasal septum
D)  Hard palate
E)  Soft palateF) A) and B)
G) B) and C) B

Question 14

Dentin is secreted by cells derived from the ________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Ectoderm
B)  Mesoderm
C)  Endoderm
D)  Neural crest
E)  None of the aboveF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 15

A patient reports a painful swelling located between the angle of the jaw and the sternocleidomastoid muscle.Her physician determines that the pathology is congenital in origin.What is the most likely problem?

Accepted Answer

A)  Persistence of the thyroglossal duct
B)  Persistence of the third pharyngeal pouch
C)  DiGeorge's syndrome
D)  Hypertelorism
E)  None of the aboveF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 16

Cyclopia,an extreme form of holoprosencephaly,results from a lack of ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Pax-2
B)  Wnt-2
C)  Msx-1
D)  Sonic hedgehog
E)  Fibroblast growth factor-4F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 17

Activity of which molecule steers the differentiation of pancreatic progenitor cells toward the exocrine pathway?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neurogenin-3
B)  Pax-6
C)  Pax-4
D)  Notch
E)  None of the aboveF) A) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 18

The philtrum of the lip is formed by the _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Frontonasal prominence
B)  Nasomedial processes
C)  Nasolateral processes
D)  Primary palate
E)  Nasolacrimal grooveF) C) and E)
G) A) and E) B

Question 19

The nasolacrimal duct arises as a furrow located between the ________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Maxillary process and mandibular arch
B)  Nasomedial and nasolateral processes
C)  Forebrain prominence (frontonasal process)  and maxillary process
D)  Nasolateral and maxillary processes
E)  Forebrain prominence (frontonasal process)  and nasomedial processF) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 20

Which family of molecules is heavily involved in patterning along the (proximodistal) length of the embryonic mandible?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dlx
B)  Otx
C)  Hedgehog
D)  Msx
E)  None of the aboveF) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Exam 14: Head and Neck

Which of the following structures would be expected to develop normally in individuals with the DiGeorge's syndrome?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In bilateral cleft lip,the clefts are typically found between the _______________.

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Which of the following associations is correct?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An oblique facial cleft is due to incomplete fusion of the ____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The greater horn (cornu) of the hyoid bone is a derivative of the ____________ pharyngeal arch.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Defective formation of the forebrain is the underlying cause of _____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The earliest induction in tooth development consists of the ectoderm of the dental epithelium acting on the underlying neural crest mesenchyme.Which of the following molecules is an important mediator of the inductive stimulus?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In cases of holoprosencephaly,defects of facial structures are typically secondary to defects of the ________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The facial (VII) nerve supplies muscles derived from the ______________ pharyngeal arch.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The foramen cecum represents the original location of the primordium of the ____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In keeping with its embryological origin,the sensory innervation of the body of the tongue is from cranial nerve __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most of the facial muscles arise from the ______________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Meckel's cartilage is a prominent component during the early formation of the ____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Dentin is secreted by cells derived from the ________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A patient reports a painful swelling located between the angle of the jaw and the sternocleidomastoid muscle.Her physician determines that the pathology is congenital in origin.What is the most likely problem?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cyclopia,an extreme form of holoprosencephaly,results from a lack of ____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Activity of which molecule steers the differentiation of pancreatic progenitor cells toward the exocrine pathway?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The philtrum of the lip is formed by the _______________.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

The nasolacrimal duct arises as a furrow located between the ________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which family of molecules is heavily involved in patterning along the (proximodistal) length of the embryonic mandible?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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C

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B

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B

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