Question 1

Which of the following exhibits the highest phagocytic activity?

Accepted Answer

A)  eosinophils
B)  erythrocytes
C)  macrophages
D)  basophils
E)  neutrophilsF) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 2

The function of the "ciliary escalator" is to

Accepted Answer

A)  propel inhaled dust and microorganisms away from the mouth,toward the lower respiratory tract.
B)  remove microorganisms from the gastrointestinal tract.
C)  remove microorganisms from the lower respiratory tract.
D)  trap microorganisms in mucus in the upper respiratory tract.
E)  trap inhaled dust and microorganisms in mucus and propel it away from the lower respiratory tract.F) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 3

A chill is a sign that

Accepted Answer

A)  body temperature is falling.
B)  body temperature is rising.
C)  body temperature is not changing.
D)  the metabolic rate is decreasing.
E)  blood vessels are dilating.F) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 4

Which non-specific defense mechanism is mismatched with its associated body structure or body fluid?

Accepted Answer

A)  lysozyme - tears and saliva
B)  mucociliary escalator - intestines
C)  very acidic pH - stomach
D)  keratin and tightly packed cells - skin
E)  cerumen and sebum - earF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 5

The alternative pathway for complement activation is initiated by

Accepted Answer

A)  lipid-carbohydrate complexes and C3.
B)  C5-C9.
C)  antigen-antibody reactions.
D)  factors released from phagocytes.
E)  factors released from damaged tissues.F) D) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 6

The classical pathway for complement activation is initiated by

Accepted Answer

A)  lipid-carbohydrate complexes and C3.
B)  C5-C9.
C)  antigen-antibody reactions.
D)  factors released from phagocytes.
E)  factors released from damaged tissues.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 7

All of the following are components of the inflammatory process EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  dilation of blood vessels.
B)  release of histamines and prostaglandins.
C)  chemotaxis.
D)  diapedesis.
E)  antibody synthesis.F) None of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 8

Innate immunity includes all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  phagocytosis.
B)  inflammation.
C)  production of antibody.
D)  production of interferon.
E)  activation of complement.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 9

Microorganisms that are members of the normal microbiota are also known to cause disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The complement system is extremely important in the innate defense response.It can be said that this system is a cascade system.Explain this statement.

Accepted Answer

The complement system is a crucial compo...

Question 11

Neutrophils with defective lysosomes are unable to

Accepted Answer

A)  undergo chemotaxis.
B)  migrate.
C)  produce toxic oxygen products.
D)  attach to microorganisms and other foreign material.
E)  engulf microorganisms and other foreign material.F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 12

All of the following increase blood vessel permeability EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  kinins.
B)  prostaglandins.
C)  lysozymes.
D)  histamine.
E)  leukotrienes.F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 13

If you were interested in seeking new sources of antimicrobial drugs from natural sources,you might look to antimicrobial peptides.Identify possible sources for these drugs,and then describe how you might go about testing for their desired effects.

Accepted Answer

Possible sources for antimicrobial pepti...

Question 14

Which of the following is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)  diapedesis - movement of leukocytes between capillary walls cells out of blood and into tissue
B)  chemotaxis - chemical degradation inside a phagolysosome
C)  abscess - a cavity created by tissue damage and filled with pus
D)  pus - tissue debris and dead phagocytes in a white or yellow fluid
E)  scab - dried blood clot over injured tissueF) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 15

Lysozyme and the antibiotic penicillin have similar mechanisms of action in that they both cause damage to the bacterial

Accepted Answer

A)  cell membrane.
B)  capsule.
C)  cell wall.
D)  DNA.
E)  ribosomes.F) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 16

TLRs attach to all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  AMPs.
B)  flagellin.
C)  LPS.
D)  PAMPs.
E)  peptidoglycan.F) B) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 17

A differential cell count is used to determine each of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  the total number of white blood cells.
B)  the numbers of each type of white blood cell.
C)  the number of red blood cells.
D)  leukocytosis.
E)  leukopenia.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 18

The swelling associated with inflammation decreases when the fluid

Accepted Answer

A)  returns to the blood.
B)  goes into lymph capillaries.
C)  is excreted in urine.
D)  is lost as perspiration.
E)  is transported into macrophages.F) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 19

Normal microbiota provide protection from infection in each of the following ways EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  they produce antibacterial chemicals.
B)  they compete with pathogens for nutrients.
C)  they make the chemical environment unsuitable for nonresident bacteria.
D)  they produce lysozyme.
E)  they change the pH of the environment.F) B) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 20

Activation of C3a results in

Accepted Answer

A)  acute inflammation.
B)  increased blood vessel permeability.
C)  opsonization.
D)  attraction of phagocytes.
E)  cell lysis.F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Exam 16: Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host

The classical pathway for complement activation is initiated by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Activation of C3a results in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are components of the inflammatory process EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which non-specific defense mechanism is mismatched with its associated body structure or body fluid?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following exhibits the highest phagocytic activity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is mismatched?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The alternative pathway for complement activation is initiated by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Normal microbiota provide protection from infection in each of the following ways EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

TLRs attach to all of the following EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The swelling associated with inflammation decreases when the fluid

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Innate immunity includes all of the following EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The complement system is extremely important in the innate defense response.It can be said that this system is a cascade system.Explain this statement.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe complement system is a crucial compo...View AnswerShow Answer

A chill is a sign that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A differential cell count is used to determine each of the following EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you were interested in seeking new sources of antimicrobial drugs from natural sources,you might look to antimicrobial peptides.Identify possible sources for these drugs,and then describe how you might go about testing for their desired effects.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIPossible sources for antimicrobial pepti...View AnswerShow Answer

All of the following increase blood vessel permeability EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lysozyme and the antibiotic penicillin have similar mechanisms of action in that they both cause damage to the bacterial

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The function of the "ciliary escalator" is to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Microorganisms that are members of the normal microbiota are also known to cause disease.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Neutrophils with defective lysosomes are unable to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
The complement system is a crucial compo...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Possible sources for antimicrobial pepti...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified