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As latitude increases, marine productivity ________.

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The mass extinction of dinosaurs occurred at the end of the ________ period.

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A species that migrates seasonally is more vulnerable to extinction than a sedentary species that does not migrate.

A) True
B) False

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Explain why exotic species represent a threat to native species. Give an example of an exotic species threatening the survival of one or more native species.

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Exotic species represent a threat to nat...

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Seasonal variation in surface temperatures of the ocean functions to increase primary productivity.

A) True
B) False

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The end of the Permian period was characterized by a mass extinction of


A) shallow-water marine invertebrates.
B) dinosaurs and other large reptiles.
C) small mammals.
D) large mammals.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Most species of plants and animals have small, restricted geographic ranges.

A) True
B) False

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What single environmental factor is most likely to shift the geographic ranges of many species, thus altering regional patterns of diversity?

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The single environmental factor most lik...

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Conservations often attempt to restore a locally extinct population of a species through ________ into the wild of individuals from captive-bred populations

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Choose one of several mass extinction events of the past or present and discuss the potential cause(s)of the mass extinction.

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One of the most well-known mass extincti...

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Which of the following factors is most likely to shift the geographic ranges of many species, thus altering regional patterns of diversity?


A) glacial period
B) fires
C) earthquakes
D) hurricanes

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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A

Variation in species richness of terrestrial species in North America correlates most strongly with estimates of


A) actual, or potential, evapotranspiration.
B) annual temperature.
C) solar radiation.
D) precipitation.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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In the past 100 million years, the number of species of which group of plants has been increasing?


A) arthrophytes (e.g., horsetails)
B) pteridophytes (ferns)
C) gymnosperms (e.g., ginkgos, cycads, conifers)
D) angiosperms (flowering plants)

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

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D

The establishment of habitat corridors between protected areas may have some negative consequences.

A) True
B) False

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Degraded habitats cannot be restored even close to their original condition.

A) True
B) False

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Species living on isolated islands are especially vulnerable to extinction by


A) overhunting.
B) pollution.
C) the introduction of exotic species.
D) habitat destruction.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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By 2011, we had identified ________ species, while the speculated total number was closer to 9 - 10 million.


A) 1) 4 million
B) 1) 9 million
C) 5 million
D) 8) 7 million

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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B

Discuss three mass extinction events in Earth's history, including the time when they occurred and the groups of organisms that were most affected.

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Three of the most well-known mass extinc...

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The number of individuals necessary to ensure the long-term survival of a species is called the minimum ________ population.

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The minimum viable population size is highest for this group of organisms.


A) large birds and mammals
B) small birds and mammals
C) perennial plants
D) annual plants

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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