Exam 9: Ethics, Corporate Social Responsibility, Environmental Sustainability, and Strategy

A) enhance employee well-being.
B) support philanthropy.
C) protect and sustain the environment.
D) ensure honorable and ethical action.
E) promote workforce diversity.

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A) correctly recognizes that all soundly reasoned ethical standards are universal.
B) accommodates the best parts of ethical universalism and ethical relativism.
C) puts no absolute limits on what actions and behaviors fall inside the boundaries of what is ethically or morally right and which actions/behaviors fall outside.
D) recognizes the importance of allowing local ethical norms to always take precedence over universal ethical norms.
E) recognizes that individuals and businesses have a basic right to "moral free space" and that it is inappropriate to specify ethically permissible and ethically impermissible actions and behaviors.

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The essence of the business case for why...

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The opportunities that lay inherent in e...

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According to integrated social contracts...

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A) a pressing need to repair a toxic workplace culture characterized by sexual harassment and managerial inaction in response to formal complaints about unwanted behavior
B) devastating public relations and the need for damage control
C) a significant market share loss to Lyft
D) defections of investors who nevertheless believed that the company's ride-sharing industry will grow
E) the ouster of its co-founder Travis Kalanick from his position as the company's CEO

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A) is based on the principle of treating people fairly and with respect.
B) is based on the conviction that improving the well-being of society ranks higher in priority and is certainly nobler than making a profit and serving the interests of shareholders.
C) boils down to "it's the right thing to do."
D) rests on the principle that a business is duty bound to fulfill its social contract to serve the interests of all stakeholders in a business enterprise.
E) is based on the principle that business activities lack real legitimacy and have few socially redeeming qualities unless and until a company exerts a significant and sincere effort to give something back to the community.

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A) only visible and internal administrative costs
B) visible but not intangible costs
C) internal administrative costs but not intangible costs
D) internal administrative costs but not visible costs
E) visible and intangible costs

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A) otherwise dishonorable people to behave ethically.
B) increased observance of ethical strategic actions.
C) a moral work climate.
D) clever ways to operate outside established policies to boost profits.
E) company authorization to observe what's right.

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Keurig Green Mountain's focus has to dat...

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A) dramatic cuts in research and development expenditures in years when low earnings are reported by the company
B) increases in research and development expenditures in years when low earnings are reported by the company
C) executive commitment to implementing strategic suggestions from the board of directors
D) attracting investors who think the company's industry will grow
E) hiring and maintaining a skilled and diverse workforce

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A) since ethical standards are subjective, it is perfectly appropriate for each company to define and implement its own ethical principles of right and wrong as concerns the use of underage labor and the payment of bribes and kickbacks.
B) ethical standards are determined objectively (rather than subjectively) .
C) whether the use of underage labor and the payment of bribes/kickbacks should be deemed ethical or unethical depends on the moral standards, values, and business norms that prevail in particular cultures, societies, countries, or circumstances.
D) ethical standards are objective and universal-thus whether the use of underage labor and the payment of bribes and kickbacks should be deemed ethical or unethical is definitely not dependent on the moral standards, values, and business norms that prevail in particular cultures, societies, countries, or circumstances.
E) standards of right and wrong are governed by what is legal in a given country-thus whether the use of underage labor and the payment of bribes and kickbacks are ethical or unethical is governed by local law.

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A) only visible and internal administrative costs
B) visible but not intangible costs
C) visible and intangible costs
D) internal administrative costs but not visible costs
E) internal administrative costs but not intangible costs

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A) every action a company takes can be interpreted as a statement of what it stands for.
B) most business leaders can be expected to acknowledge that socially responsible actions and environmental sustainability are important and that businesses have a duty to be good corporate citizens.
C) in return for society granting a business a "license to operate" and not be unreasonably restrained in its pursuit of a fair profit, a business is obligated to act as a responsible citizen and do its fair share to promote the general welfare.
D) acting in a socially responsible manner is in the best financial interest of shareholders.
E) every business has a duty to do what's best for shareholders while operating honorably, provide good working conditions to employees, and be a good environmental steward.

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A) devote efforts to employ an ethical strategy and observe ethical principles in operating the business
B) make charitable contributions, donate money and the time of company personnel to community service endeavors, supporting various worthy organizational causes
C) take steps to provide suppliers, distributors, and other value chain partners with handsome profit margins
D) initiate actions to build a workforce that is diverse with respect to gender, race, national origin, and other aspects that different people bring to the workplace
E) pursue actions to protect the environment and, in particular, to minimize or eliminate any adverse impact on the environment stemming from the company's own business activities

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A) Concepts of ethically right and ethically wrong are relative across countries and cultures but are universal within countries or cultures.
B) Individuals and businesses have a basic right to "moral free space" and it is inappropriate to specify ethically permissible and ethically impermissible actions and behaviors.
C) There are important occasions when local cultural norms and morality and the circumstances of the situation determine whether certain behaviors are right or wrong, for there are no absolutes when it comes to business ethics.
D) Concepts of right and wrong as applied to business situations are always a function of each company's own set of values, beliefs, and ethical convictions (as stated in the company's code of ethical conduct) .
E) Standards of what is ethically right and ethically wrong as applied to business behavior are determined solely by whatever business norms prevail in a particular company's home country and are applicable to its operations in all other countries.

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A) generates internal operating benefits (as concerns employee recruiting, workforce retention, employee morale, and training costs) .
B) increases the risk of reputation-damaging incidents.
C) is not in the best interest of shareholders.
D) can lead to decreased buyer patronage.
E) can increase costs and reduce employee retention.

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A) ethical universalism recognizes significant variation in basic moral standards according to local cultural beliefs, local religious beliefs, and social mores.
B) ethical standards are objectively determined by religious and moral experts.
C) what is deemed right or wrong, fair or unfair, moral or immoral, ethical or unethical is (or should be) grounded in religious doctrine and applied strictly to all business situations.
D) it draws upon the collective views of multiple societies and cultures to put some clear boundaries on what constitutes ethical business behavior and what constitutes unethical business behavior no matter what country or culture a company is operating in.
E) it leaves room for thinking that concepts of right and wrong can be varying shades of gray.

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