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In the late nineteenth century,American universities


A) significantly grew in number due to the Morrill Land Grant Act, and began to form relationships with the private sector and government.
B) All these answers are correct.
C) began to form relationships with the private sector and the government.
D) significantly grew in number due to the Morrill Land Grant Act.
E) were sometimes started by philanthropists that wanted to perpetuate their family names.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

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Discuss the efforts to restrict immigration in the late nineteenth century.

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The 1920 census of the United States revealed that


A) a majority of Americans lived in "urban" areas.
B) the western frontier had ended.
C) for the first time since 1790, American women outnumbered men.
D) the majority of the nation's population had arrived as immigrants since 1880.
E) California was now the most populous state.

F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

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In the late nineteenth century,efforts to reduce poverty in America


A) included federally-funded studies attempting to identify the causes of poverty.
B) saw charitable organizations try to limit aid to only those deemed "deserving poor."
C) saw the Salvation Army focus primarily on establishing shelters for the homeless.
D) included public works programs funded by municipal property taxes.
E) generally were led by reformers who had grown up in impoverished communities.

F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

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In the late nineteenth century,the Tammany Hall political machine


A) All these answers are correct.
B) operated out of Chicago.
C) was one of the few machines that did not engage in graft and corruption.
D) saw its most famous boss, William M. Tweed, sent to prison.
E) operated out of Chicago and saw its most famous boss, William M. Tweed, sent to prison.

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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The designers of New York City's Central Park


A) deliberately created a public space that would look as little like the city as possible.
B) initially wanted it to be exclusively accessible to the wealthy of the city.
C) were hoping that the park could be a source of local agriculture and food production.
D) thought of the park as a place where city government could meet in the open air.
E) tried to make it a meeting place for immigrant leaders.

F) C) and E)
G) B) and E)

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The principal force behind the creation of great public buildings in the late nineteenth century was


A) community service organizations.
B) ethnic political machines.
C) wealthy residents.
D) state governments.
E) the federal government.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

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During the late nineteenth century,all of the following innovations occurred in consumer goods EXCEPT the


A) formation of credit card companies.
B) development and mass production of tin cans.
C) emergence of ready-made clothing.
D) ability to refrigerate foods artificially.
E) opening of large department stores.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

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How had the demographics of immigrants and the patterns of immigration shifted between the 1860s and the 1890s?

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In the 1860s, the majority of immigrants...

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The "city beautiful" movement in the United States was inspired,in part,by


A) None of these answers is correct.
B) the new technology of skyscrapers.
C) the economic depression of 1893.
D) both the 1893 Columbian Exposition in Chicago, and the new technology of skyscrapers.
E) the 1893 Columbian Exposition in Chicago.

F) D) and E)
G) None of the above

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During the early decades of the twentieth century,most Americans began to view leisure time as


A) the equivalent of laziness.
B) the province solely of children and the elderly.
C) something reserved for the extremely wealthy.
D) something not attainable for the average worker.
E) increasingly desirable.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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By 1890,populations in the biggest urban areas


A) consisted mostly of foreign-born immigrants and their children.
B) experienced massive growth even where there was little immigration.
C) increased mainly as a result of longer life expectancy.
D) soared as the rates of infant mortality and disease significantly declined.
E) rose as the number of children born into urban families doubled.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and D)

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By 1900,the transportation systems of American cities included


A) electric trolleys and cable cars.
B) subways.
C) elevated railroads.
D) suspension bridges.
E) All these answers are correct.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

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Which American thinker is LEAST associated with study using scientific methods?


A) Charles Darwin
B) John Dewey
C) Henry James
D) Charles S.Peirce
E) Edward A.Ross

F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Among the new immigrant arrivals to late nineteenth-century America,no single national group could be said to have dominated the scene.

A) True
B) False

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By the 1890s,the largest number of immigrants to the United States came from


A) southern and eastern Europe.
B) Great Britain and Germany.
C) Ireland and Italy.
D) China and Japan.
E) Mexico and Central America.

F) A) and D)
G) All of the above

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The Chrysler Building in New York City is considered the first modern American skyscraper.

A) True
B) False

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In the nineteenth century,vaudeville theater


A) only employed white performers.
B) consisted of a variety of stage acts.
C) had been created in the United States.
D) both consisted of a variety of stage acts, and only employed white performers.
E) None of these answers is correct.

F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

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By the end of the nineteenth century,most public high schools readily accepted women.

A) True
B) False

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The American artistic movement known as the "Ashcan school"


A) was most identified with the work of John Singer Sargent.
B) was strongly influenced by Old World masters.
C) included the painter Edward Hopper.
D) portrayed an idealized image of rural life.
E) rejected expressionism and abstraction as artistic fads.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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