Question 1

New studies on leadership show that

Accepted Answer

A)   democratic leadership is clearly superior to other forms of leadership.
B)   authoritarian leadership is clearly superior to other forms of leadership.
C)   there is probably not one leadership style that works best in all situations.
D)   laissez-faire leadership is the best for high group productivity.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 2

Contrary to popular opinion,researchers found that authoritarian leadership tends to produce low levels of frustration and hostile feelings.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

A(n) _________ is not a total institution.

Accepted Answer

A)   mental hospital
B)   public school
C)   prison
D)   army boot campE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

In some social dilemmas,when one member of a group may make a contribution to the general welfare of his or her group that makes other members feel that their contribution is unnecessary,it is called the

Accepted Answer

A)   easy-rider mechanism.
B)   sidecar mechanism.
C)   transit-rider syndrome.
D)   free-rider mechanism.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of modern bureaucracy according to the perspectives identified in the text.

Accepted Answer

Modern bureaucracy has both advantages a...

Question 6

Early bureaucracies were based on

Accepted Answer

A)   patrimonialism.
B)   a traditional system of authority in which people were committed to serve traditional leaders.
C)   a set of codified rules and procedures.
D)   patrimonialism and a traditional system of authority in which people were committed to serve traditional leaders are correct.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 7

Two types of leadership roles tend to evolve in small groups: the instrumental leader and the expressive leader.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Although the leading cause of death for U.S.teenagers is car crashes,the death rate drops when teens travel in groups.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The person in a family who seems to be the member in charge of the emotional climate and interpersonal relationships might be identified as the

Accepted Answer

A)   instrumental leader.
B)   social-emotional specialist.
C)   task leader.
D)   orientation specialist.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 10

Primary groups are fundamental to us as individuals and society at large because they

Accepted Answer

A)   have little to do with the socialization process.
B)   play a minimal role in the social control of group members.
C)   provide the settings in which we meet most of our personal needs.
D)   None of the choices are correct.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 11

Compared to larger groups,dyads tend to be

Accepted Answer

A)   less prevalent.
B)   more emotionally strained.
C)   less fragile.
D)   more apathetic.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 12

The reference group concept helps to explain the behavior of the

Accepted Answer

A)   upper-class revolutionary.
B)   renegade Catholic.
C)   reactionary union member.
D)   All of the choices are correct.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Beyond the small work groups approach is the "__________-collar" approach,in which informally dressed employees manage themselves,use the office as a "funhouse" and are expected to work 70-hour weeks.

Accepted Answer

A)   green
B)   red
C)   no
D)   blackE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 14

Expressive group ties are those social links formed to achieve a specific goal.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Garrett J.Hardin's tragedy of the commons illustrates a social dilemma in which the consequences of personal self-interest results in social disaster.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

In sociology,groups formed deliberately for the achievement of specific objectives are called formal organizations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The researchers involved in the BBC's "The Experiment" maintain that Zimbardo's original results

Accepted Answer

A)   can be seen as a reasonable excuse for the powerful abusing the powerless.
B)   prove that people do not have responsibility and choice over conditions that lead to tyranny.
C)   demonstrate that extreme behaviors cannot be restrained in power situations.
D)   None of the choices are correct.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Thoreau's observation,"If a man does not keep pace with his companions,perhaps it is because he hears a different drummer," illustrates the view that we tend to evaluate and guide our behavior by our own independent standards.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The _________ states that bureaucracy leads to the concentration of power in the hands of a few people.

Accepted Answer

A)   iron law of oligarchy
B)   preventive checks theory of bureaucratic development
C)   "Peter Principle"
D)   law of the informal groupE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

Overall,new management strategies over the past 30 years emphasized a lessening of hierarchy and authoritarianism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 4: Social Groups and Formal Organizations

Contrary to popular opinion,researchers found that authoritarian leadership tends to produce low levels of frustration and hostile feelings.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Beyond the small work groups approach is the "__________-collar" approach,in which informally dressed employees manage themselves,use the office as a "funhouse" and are expected to work 70-hour weeks.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compared to larger groups,dyads tend to be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In some social dilemmas,when one member of a group may make a contribution to the general welfare of his or her group that makes other members feel that their contribution is unnecessary,it is called the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Overall,new management strategies over the past 30 years emphasized a lessening of hierarchy and authoritarianism.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

New studies on leadership show that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Thoreau's observation,"If a man does not keep pace with his companions,perhaps it is because he hears a different drummer," illustrates the view that we tend to evaluate and guide our behavior by our own independent standards.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although the leading cause of death for U.S.teenagers is car crashes,the death rate drops when teens travel in groups.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The _________ states that bureaucracy leads to the concentration of power in the hands of a few people.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The researchers involved in the BBC's "The Experiment" maintain that Zimbardo's original results

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Expressive group ties are those social links formed to achieve a specific goal.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two types of leadership roles tend to evolve in small groups: the instrumental leader and the expressive leader.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In sociology,groups formed deliberately for the achievement of specific objectives are called formal organizations.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Garrett J.Hardin's tragedy of the commons illustrates a social dilemma in which the consequences of personal self-interest results in social disaster.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of modern bureaucracy according to the perspectives identified in the text.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIModern bureaucracy has both advantages a...View AnswerShow Answer

The reference group concept helps to explain the behavior of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The person in a family who seems to be the member in charge of the emotional climate and interpersonal relationships might be identified as the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Early bureaucracies were based on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A(n) _________ is not a total institution.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Primary groups are fundamental to us as individuals and society at large because they

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Modern bureaucracy has both advantages a...
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