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Which of the following FEV1 values indicates severe compromise of expiratory airflow that may contraindicate the use of mucoactive therapy?


A) less than 65%
B) less than 55%
C) less than 35%
D) less than 25%

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following is NOT an advantage for the treatment of the respiratory tract with inhaled aerosols?


A) Doses are usually smaller.
B) Onset of drug action is rapid.
C) Delivered dose is consistent with each administration.
D) Systemic side effects are often fewer and less severe.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Which phase describes the time course and disposition of a drug in the body based on its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination?


A) pharmaceutical
B) pharmacognosy
C) pharmacokinetic
D) pharmacodynamic

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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Proventil and Ventolin are brand names for which of the following β\beta -adrenergic bronchodilators?


A) albuterol
B) isoetharine
C) terbutaline
D) metaproterenol

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following are considered to be "quick relief" agents in treating asthma? I.methylxanthines II.ipratropium III.systemic corticosteroids (oral or intravenous) IV.short-acting inhaled β\beta 2-agonists V.long-acting inhaled β\beta 2-agonists VI.leukotriene antagonists


A) II, III, and IV
B) II, V, and VI
C) I, III, V, and VI
D) I, II, III, and IV

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following short-acting noncathecholamine agents is a prodrug?


A) albuterol
B) levalbuterol
C) terbutaline
D) bitolterol

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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Which of the following is an indication for use of an adrenergic bronchodilator?


A) treatment of excessive, viscous mucus secretions
B) antiinflammatory treatment of mild to moderate persistent asthma
C) treatment of reversible airflow obstruction
D) prophylactic management of asthma

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) lowers the viscosity of mucus by means of which of the following?


A) breaking down DNA
B) increasing the osmolarity of the mucus and pulling water into it
C) changing the pH of the mucus, causing it to break down
D) substituting its sulfhydryl group for disulfide bonds and breaking a portion of the bond forming the gel structure

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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What are some common side effects seen with ipratropium bromide (Atrovent) ?


A) tachycardia
B) blood pressure increase
C) cough and dry mouth
D) tolerance

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following should be assessed during the administration of mucolytic agents? I.breathing pattern and rate II.monitoring peak flow changes III.patient's reaction to treatment IV.monitoring for presence of hydrogen sulfide (a rotten egg odor) , which means that the acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) is no longer active


A) I and III only
B) I, II, and III
C) II, III, and IV
D) I, II, III, and IV

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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Zileuton belongs to which of the following categories?


A) cromolyn-like agents
B) leukotriene modifiers
C) anti-IgE agents
D) anti-IgA agents

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Which of the following is TRUE about the use of ribavirin? I.It is used as an antiviral agent against respiratory syncytial virus. II.It is delivered via a Respirgard unit. III.Adverse effects include skin rash, conjunctivitis, and eyelid erythema IV.It can occlude endotracheal tube and ventilator exhalation valves.


A) I and II only
B) III and IV only
C) I, III, and IV
D) I, II, III, and IV

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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Ipratropium bromide (Atrovent) is indicated for maintenance treatment of the following diseases, except:


A) chronic bronchitis
B) emphysema
C) asthma
D) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Which phase describes the mechanism of drug action by which a drug causes its effects within the body through drug-receptor interactions?


A) pharmaceutical
B) pharmacognosy
C) pharmacokinetic
D) pharmacodynamic

E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following comprises the largest single group of drugs among aerosolized agents used for inhalation?


A) inhaled corticosteroids
B) adrenergic bronchodilators
C) mucus-controlling agents
D) anticholinergic bronchodilators

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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How does cromolyn sodium work?


A) produces antiinflammatory enzymes within cells
B) inhibits degranulation of mast cells
C) prevents arachidonic acid formation from activation of mast cell membrane phospholipase A2
D) provides leukotriene inhibition

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following is the only inhaled human insulin available at this time?


A) Humulin
B) Exubera
C) Glucomax
D) No inhaled insulin has yet been approved.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following are considered nonsteroidal antiasthma drugs? I.cromolyn-like agents II.leukotriene modifiers III.anti-IgE agents IV.anti-IgA agents


A) I and III
B) I, II, and III
C) II, III, and IV
D) I, II, III, and IV

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Long-acting adrenergic bronchodilators such as salmeterol (Serevent) are not well suited for relief of acute airflow obstruction because it takes about how long for their peak effect to occur.


A) 1 to 3 hours
B) 3 to 5 hours
C) 5 to 7 hours
D) longer than 12 hours

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following are TRUE regarding glucocorticoids? I.They work through activation of intracellular receptors. II.Relief is immediate. III.Daily compliance is essential to controlling inflammation in asthma. IV.They work in a similar fashion to adrenergic bronchodilators.


A) I and III
B) I, III, and IV
C) II, III, and IV
D) I, II, III, and IV

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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