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Exam 4: Introduction to Probability

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Question 21

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The results of a survey of 800 married couples and the number of children they had is shown below. If a couple is selected at random, what is the probability that the couple will have a.Less than 4 children? b.More than 2 children? c.Either 2 or 3 children?

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a.0.925
b....

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Question 22

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The probability of the intersection of two mutually exclusive events

A) can be any value between 0 to 1
B) must always be equal to 1
C) must always be equal to 0
D) can be any positive value

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Question 23

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Revised probabilities of events based on additional information are

Initial estimates of the probabilities of events are known as

Events A and B are mutually exclusive with P(A) = 0.3 and P(B) = 0.2. The probability of the complement of Event B equals

The union of events A and B is the event containing

Two events are mutually exclusive if

The following table shows the number of students in three different degree programs and whether they are graduate or undergraduate students: a.What is the probability that a randomly selected student is an undergraduate? b.What percentage of students is engineering majors? c.If we know that a selected student is an undergraduate, what is the probability that he or she is a business major? d.A student is enrolled in the Arts and Sciences school. What is the probability that the student is an undergraduate student? e.What is the probability that a randomly selected student is a graduate Business major?

An experiment consists of tossing 4 coins successively. The number of sample points in this experiment is

In statistical experiments, each time the experiment is repeated

A method of assigning probabilities that assumes the experimental outcomes are equally likely is referred to as the

The probability of an event is

A machine is used in a production process. From past data, it is known that 97% of the time the machine is set up correctly. Furthermore, it is known that if the machine is set up correctly, it produces 95% acceptable (non-defective) items. However, when it is set up incorrectly, it produces only 40% acceptable items. a.An item from the production line is selected. What is the probability that the selected item is non-defective? b.Given that the selected item is non-defective, what is the probability that the machine is set up correctly? c.What method of assigning probabilities was used here?

The Board of Directors of Bidwell Valve Company has made the following estimates for the upcoming year's annual earnings: P(earnings lower than this year) = .30 P(earnings about the same as this year) = .50 P(earnings higher than this year) = .20 After talking with union leaders, the human resource department has drawn the following conclusions: P(Union will request wage increase | lower earnings next year) = .25 P(Union will request wage increase | same earnings next year) = .40 P(Union will request wage increase | higher earnings next year) = .90 a. Calculate the probability that the company earns the same as this year and the union requests a wage increase. b. Calculate the probability that the company has higher earnings next year and the union does not request a wage increase. c. Calculate the probability that the union requests a wage increase.

If P(A) = 0.62, P(B) = 0.47, and P(A $\cup$ B) = 0.88; then P(A $\cap$ B) =

If A and B are independent events with P(A) = 0.2 and P(B) = 0.6, then P(A $\cup$ B) =

A company plans to interview 10 recent graduates for possible employment. The company has three positions open. How many groups of three can the company select?

The "Top Three" at a racetrack consists of picking the correct order of the first three horses in a race. If there are 10 horses in a particular race, how many "Top Three" outcomes are there?

Safety Insurance Company has compiled the following statistics. For any one-year period: P(accident | male driver under 25) = .22 P(accident | male driver over 25) = .15 P(accident | female driver under 25) = .16 P(accident | female driver over 25) = .14 The percentage of Safety's policyholders in each category is: Male Under 25 20% Male Over 25 40% Female Under 25 10% Female Over 25 30% a. What is the probability that a randomly selected policyholder will have an accident within the next year? b. Given that a driver has an accident, what is the probability the driver is a male over 25? c. Given that a driver has no accident, what is the probability the driver is a female?

If P(A) = 0.38, P(B) = 0.83, and P(A $\cap$ B) = 0.57; then P(A $\cup$ B) =