Question 1

Which of the following statements is a key reason why some states have enacted legislation allowing psychologists to prescribe medications for psychological symptoms?

Accepted Answer

A)   Allowing trained psychologists to prescribe medications may help many people who have been unable to gain access to mental health care, especially people in underserved rural areas.
B)   It is the first step in the plan to make almost all medications for psychological symptoms available over the counter without a prescription.
C)   It may encourage greater competition between psychiatrists and clinical psychologists, which should help lower the cost of mental health care.
D)   North Dakota, Montana, and Alaska have unusually high rates of psychological disorders, especially major depression during the winter months.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 2

Researchers at State University wanted to test the hypothesis that distributed, or spaced, practice results in better retention of material than massed practice or cramming. To find out if there is a cause-and-effect relationship, the researcher should use:

Accepted Answer

A)   correlational research methods.
B)   the experimental method.
C)   naturalistic observation.
D)   survey or questionnaire research.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Biological psychology is a perspective and specialty area that applies the principles of evolution to explain psychological processes and phenomena.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Physiology is sometimes referred to as the "third force" in American psychology.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The results of experiments conducted in the laboratory may not replicate well, meaning that the results cannot be applied to real-world situations or to more general populations beyond the participants in the study.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Psychologists in New Mexico and Louisiana can qualify for prescription privileges if they complete additional coursework and supervised clinical training.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Positive psychology is a field of psychological research that focuses on the study of positive psychological states, positive individual traits, and social institutions that foster these qualities in individuals and communities.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

According to proponents of evolutionary psychology, psychological processes that helped individuals adapt to their environments also helped them to survive, reproduce, and pass on those psychological mechanisms to their offspring.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Psychologists use statistics to:

Accepted Answer

A)   analyze the data collected and determine whether or not the results support the hypothesis.
B)   generate new theories.
C)   prove that a theory is true.
D)   confuse introductory psychology students.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

René Descartes promoted a doctrine called interactive monism, an idea that the mind and the body are one entity that produces sensations, emotions, and other conscious experiences.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Experimental controls are specific strategies and procedures that help minimize the possibility that extraneous variables or some other uncontrolled factor will influence the outcome of the experiment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

In _____, information from multiple case studies is systematically combined and analyzed.

Accepted Answer

A)   survey research
B)   naturalistic observation
C)   experimental research
D)   case-based researchE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 13

In Crum and Langer's hotel experiment, the participants were 84 female housekeeping staff at seven carefully matched hotels.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

At which university was the very first psychology research laboratory established?

Accepted Answer

A)   Johns Hopkins University
B)   Harvard University
C)   University of Leipzig
D)   Cornell UniversityE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

How do individualistic cultures differ from collectivistic cultures?

Accepted Answer

Individualistic cultures and collectivis...

Question 16

Collectivistic cultures are cultures that stress individual goals and achievements over the goals and achievements of the group.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

According to one of the pie charts in Chapter 1, among psychologists who recently received their doctorate, most chose "clinical psychology" as their specialty area.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Personality psychologists study individual differences in people and the characteristics that make each person unique.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

A pseudoscience is a theory, method, or practice that promotes claims in ways that appear scientific even though supporting empirical evidence is lacking or nonexistent.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Using nonhuman animal participants in research studies allows psychologists to exert a much higher degree of control over the experimental participants' environment than when human participants are involved.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 1: Introduction and Research Methods

René Descartes promoted a doctrine called interactive monism, an idea that the mind and the body are one entity that produces sensations, emotions, and other conscious experiences.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How do individualistic cultures differ from collectivistic cultures?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIIndividualistic cultures and collectivis...View AnswerShow Answer

Collectivistic cultures are cultures that stress individual goals and achievements over the goals and achievements of the group.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Using nonhuman animal participants in research studies allows psychologists to exert a much higher degree of control over the experimental participants' environment than when human participants are involved.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Researchers at State University wanted to test the hypothesis that distributed, or spaced, practice results in better retention of material than massed practice or cramming. To find out if there is a cause-and-effect relationship, the researcher should use:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Positive psychology is a field of psychological research that focuses on the study of positive psychological states, positive individual traits, and social institutions that foster these qualities in individuals and communities.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At which university was the very first psychology research laboratory established?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Physiology is sometimes referred to as the "third force" in American psychology.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to one of the pie charts in Chapter 1, among psychologists who recently received their doctorate, most chose "clinical psychology" as their specialty area.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is a key reason why some states have enacted legislation allowing psychologists to prescribe medications for psychological symptoms?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to proponents of evolutionary psychology, psychological processes that helped individuals adapt to their environments also helped them to survive, reproduce, and pass on those psychological mechanisms to their offspring.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Psychologists in New Mexico and Louisiana can qualify for prescription privileges if they complete additional coursework and supervised clinical training.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Biological psychology is a perspective and specialty area that applies the principles of evolution to explain psychological processes and phenomena.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Experimental controls are specific strategies and procedures that help minimize the possibility that extraneous variables or some other uncontrolled factor will influence the outcome of the experiment.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Crum and Langer's hotel experiment, the participants were 84 female housekeeping staff at seven carefully matched hotels.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In _____, information from multiple case studies is systematically combined and analyzed.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The results of experiments conducted in the laboratory may not replicate well, meaning that the results cannot be applied to real-world situations or to more general populations beyond the participants in the study.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Psychologists use statistics to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A pseudoscience is a theory, method, or practice that promotes claims in ways that appear scientific even though supporting empirical evidence is lacking or nonexistent.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Personality psychologists study individual differences in people and the characteristics that make each person unique.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Individualistic cultures and collectivis...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified