Question 1

Name the Italian physician-turned-educator who at the beginning of the twentieth century crafted a revolutionary approach to young children's education. In this approach, children are given considerable freedom and spontaneity in choosing activities.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Name the Italian physician-turned-educator who at the...

Question 2

The absence or deficiency of growth hormone produced by the pituitary gland to stimulate the body to grow is called

Accepted Answer

A)   pituitarian deficiency.
B)   growth hormone deficiency.
C)   perceptual development deficiency.
D)   glandular deficiency.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 3

In Piaget's theory, failing the conservation-of-liquid task demonstrates

Accepted Answer

A)   that a child is at the sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
B)   that a child is unable to think fluidly.
C)   centration.
D)   rational thought.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 4

Kevin is just learning to walk. He can take a few steps by himself if he uses both hands to hold on to a piece of furniture for support. He can walk to the middle of a room only if one of his parents holds his hands. Which of the following represents the lower limit of Kevin's zone of proximal development (ZPD)  for walking?

Accepted Answer

A)   Kevin learning to run after he has mastered walking by himself
B)   Kevin going back to crawling when he becomes frustrated trying to walk by himself
C)   Kevin walking alone by holding on to a piece of furniture with his hands
D)   Kevin learning to walk by holding his parents' handsE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 5

Pointing to a tree, young Leo says, "Bird flied away." Leo's interesting but incorrect use of "-ed" in "flied" shows that he is trying to learn the ________ rules of language.

Accepted Answer

A)   phonological
B)   morphological
C)   pragmatic
D)   syntacticE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

During early childhood, girls are ________ than boys.

Accepted Answer

A)   much lighter
B)   more muscular
C)   slightly smaller
D)   considerably tallerE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the relation between centration and conservation?

Accepted Answer

A)   conservation requires centration.
B)   centration is due to the lack of conservation.
C)   centration is evidenced in young children's lack of conservation.
D)   conservation is independent of centration.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

The inability to distinguish between one's own perspective and someone else's perspective is known as

Accepted Answer

A)   animism.
B)   empathy.
C)   egocentrism.
D)   symbolism.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 9

Children begin to understand three mental states from 18 months to 3 years of age. According to Pratt and Bryant, a child realizes that looking leads to knowing what's inside a container by 3 years of age. This mental state of the child is known as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   suspicion
B)   emotion
C)   desire
D)   perceptionE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 10

Briefly describe the two stages of preoperational thought. Provide an example of children's thinking at each stage.

Accepted Answer

The Piagetian preoperational stage in co...

Question 11

Which of the following describes Lev Vygotsky's belief about the development of thought and language?

Accepted Answer

A)   Thought and language are merged early in development and later separate.
B)   Thought depends on language, and they are merged throughout development.
C)   Thought and language initially develop independently of each other and then merge.
D)   Thought and language are two separate functions that remain independent throughout development.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 12

In 1965, the federal government began an effort to break the cycle of poverty and substandard education for young children in the United States through

Accepted Answer

A)   the Maria Montessori Program.
B)   the Emancipation Undertaking.
C)   the Reggio Emilia Project.
D)   Project Head Start.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Toby is three years old. His parents are concerned because he always runs and jumps around. He cannot sit still. Even when watching his favorite cartoon on TV, he fidgets and wiggles. It is especially frustrating for his parents when Toby does not sit still through dinner. Which of the following should Toby's parents do?

Accepted Answer

A)   They should have him tested for attention deficit disorder.
B)   They should enroll him in a behavior modification program.
C)   They should provide structured and cognitively challenging activities for Toby to develop his attention span.
D)   They should avoid panicking as Toby's behavior is normal for kids in his age group.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 14

Which of the following is a criticism of Vygotsky's theory?

Accepted Answer

A)   Vygotsky was specific about age-related changes and generalized all individuals.
B)   Vygotsky overemphasized the role of language in thinking.
C)   Vygotsky particularly described how changes in socioemotional capabilities contribute to cognitive development, which is highly subjective.
D)   Vygotsky laid no emphasis on guidance, which plays an important role in learning.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Identify the substage of preoperational thought in which a young child gains the ability to mentally represent an object that is not present.

Accepted Answer

Symbolic f...

Question 16

Which of the following should be minimized in order to improve the eating behavior of children?

Accepted Answer

A)   competing activities
B)   a predictable schedule
C)   parents eating healthy food
D)   making mealtimes pleasant occasionsE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 17

Kristi works in a day-care center. She notices that Pablo, a 4-year-old boy, often indulges in private speech when doing any activity on his own. She has heard him talking to himself when solving puzzles. Kristi believes in Piaget's theory of cognitive development in children. After seeing Pablo's behavior, Kristi is likely to assume that Pablo's usage of private speech is

Accepted Answer

A)   egocentric.
B)   mature
C)   an important tool of thought.
D)   a means of guiding one's behavior.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 18

"My computer does not like me. It keeps eating my pictures," says three-year-old Kimberly. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   animism.
B)   intuitive thinking.
C)   conservation.
D)   egocentrism.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 19

________ refers to an umbrella-like concept that consists of a number of higher-level cognitive processes linked to the development of the brain's prefrontal cortex, which play a role in managing thoughts to engage in goal-directed behavior and self-control.

Accepted Answer

A)   Executive attention
B)   Executive function
C)   Prefrontal control
D)   Prefrontal inhibitionE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 20

According to Vygotsky, which of the following educational strategies should be incorporated in classrooms?

Accepted Answer

A)   making each child responsible for his or her work without relying on peers or teachers for support
B)   formal, standardized tests to assess children's learning
C)   discouraging distractions like self-talk or private talk
D)   offering just enough assistance to a child to accomplish a taskE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Exam 7: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

The inability to distinguish between one's own perspective and someone else's perspective is known as

Correct Answer
verified

Identify the substage of preoperational thought in which a young child gains the ability to mentally represent an object that is not present.

Correct Answer
verified
Symbolic f...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

"My computer does not like me. It keeps eating my pictures," says three-year-old Kimberly. This is an example of

Correct Answer
verified

The absence or deficiency of growth hormone produced by the pituitary gland to stimulate the body to grow is called

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following describes Lev Vygotsky's belief about the development of thought and language?

Correct Answer
verified

According to Vygotsky, which of the following educational strategies should be incorporated in classrooms?

Correct Answer
verified

Briefly describe the two stages of preoperational thought. Provide an example of children's thinking at each stage.

Correct Answer
verified
The Piagetian preoperational stage in co...
View Answer

Children begin to understand three mental states from 18 months to 3 years of age. According to Pratt and Bryant, a child realizes that looking leads to knowing what's inside a container by 3 years of age. This mental state of the child is known as ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following should be minimized in order to improve the eating behavior of children?

Correct Answer
verified

Name the Italian physician-turned-educator who at the beginning of the twentieth century crafted a revolutionary approach to young children's education. In this approach, children are given considerable freedom and spontaneity in choosing activities.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following best describes the relation between centration and conservation?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Pointing to a tree, young Leo says, "Bird flied away." Leo's interesting but incorrect use of "-ed" in "flied" shows that he is trying to learn the ________ rules of language.

Correct Answer
verified

________ refers to an umbrella-like concept that consists of a number of higher-level cognitive processes linked to the development of the brain's prefrontal cortex, which play a role in managing thoughts to engage in goal-directed behavior and self-control.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is a criticism of Vygotsky's theory?

Correct Answer
verified

In 1965, the federal government began an effort to break the cycle of poverty and substandard education for young children in the United States through

Correct Answer
verified

In Piaget's theory, failing the conservation-of-liquid task demonstrates

Correct Answer
verified

During early childhood, girls are ________ than boys.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 7: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

The inability to distinguish between one's own perspective and someone else's perspective is known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identify the substage of preoperational thought in which a young child gains the ability to mentally represent an object that is not present.

Correct AnswerverifiedSymbolic f...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

"My computer does not like me. It keeps eating my pictures," says three-year-old Kimberly. This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The absence or deficiency of growth hormone produced by the pituitary gland to stimulate the body to grow is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following describes Lev Vygotsky's belief about the development of thought and language?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Vygotsky, which of the following educational strategies should be incorporated in classrooms?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Briefly describe the two stages of preoperational thought. Provide an example of children's thinking at each stage.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe Piagetian preoperational stage in co...View AnswerShow Answer

Children begin to understand three mental states from 18 months to 3 years of age. According to Pratt and Bryant, a child realizes that looking leads to knowing what's inside a container by 3 years of age. This mental state of the child is known as ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following should be minimized in order to improve the eating behavior of children?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Name the Italian physician-turned-educator who at the beginning of the twentieth century crafted a revolutionary approach to young children's education. In this approach, children are given considerable freedom and spontaneity in choosing activities.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following best describes the relation between centration and conservation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pointing to a tree, young Leo says, "Bird flied away." Leo's interesting but incorrect use of "-ed" in "flied" shows that he is trying to learn the ________ rules of language.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ refers to an umbrella-like concept that consists of a number of higher-level cognitive processes linked to the development of the brain's prefrontal cortex, which play a role in managing thoughts to engage in goal-directed behavior and self-control.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a criticism of Vygotsky's theory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In 1965, the federal government began an effort to break the cycle of poverty and substandard education for young children in the United States through

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Piaget's theory, failing the conservation-of-liquid task demonstrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During early childhood, girls are ________ than boys.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Symbolic f...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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The Piagetian preoperational stage in co...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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