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Exam 16: Motivating Employees

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Question 31

Multiple Choice

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In the expectancy theory,________ is the degree to which the individual believes that performing at a particular level is instrumental in attaining the desired outcome.

A) expectancy
B) valence
C) performance-reward linkage
D) effort-performance linkage

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Question 32

Multiple Choice

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The ________ of work design says that employees are taking the initiative to change how their work is performed.

A) social model
B) proactive perspective
C) job characteristics model
D) relational perspective

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Question 33

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According to the goal-setting theory,a generalized goal of "do your best" will produce a higher output than specific,challenging goals.

Research indicates that,for the most part,pay-for-performance programs show positive results.

The economic recession of the last few years saw employees at the receiving end of job insecurity,layoffs,tight budgets,minimal or no pay raises,benefit cuts,no bonuses,and long hours doing the work of those who had been laid off.Assuming that you were a manager during these difficult times,how would you motivate your employees?

McGregor's Theory Y assumes that employees ________.

In equity theory,recent research shows that distributive justice has a greater influence on employee satisfaction than procedural justice.

The definition of motivation has three key elements: energy,direction,and persistence.

According to the JCM,which job characteristic results in the employee knowing about the actual results of his or her work activities?

In Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory,________ needs form the lowest or foundational step in the hierarchy.

Which of the following is true about motivating unique groups of workers?

Studies tell us that younger men place more importance on having ________ in their jobs,while younger women seek ________.

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory,lower-order needs are predominantly satisfied internally while higher-order needs are satisfied externally.

Define motivation and discuss the three elements of motivation.

________ justice is the perceived fairness of the amount and allocation of rewards among individuals.

Irene,CEO of a small company,strongly believes in Douglas McGregor's assumptions about human nature.Which of the following management practices is Irene most likely to favor to maximize employee motivation?

"In jobs today,employees rely more and more on those around them for information,advice,and assistance." Which of the following approaches to job design best reflects this statement?

Bob is a social butterfly.He often leaves his workstation to chat with coworkers.He volunteers for every problem-solving team and enjoys planning the annual summer employee picnic.Bob has ________.

Which of the following needs is a lower-order need in Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory?

According to the job characteristics model,combining fragmented tasks will help increase skill variety and task identity.